Publications by authors named "Philip W Tipton"

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess the positive predictive value (PPV) of clinical diagnoses of multiple system atrophy (MSA) over two time periods, comparing data from 2008-2017 to 2018-2022, hypothesizing that advancements in diagnostic tools such as brain MRI would improve accuracy.
  • Among 321 patients diagnosed with MSA, the overall PPV increased from 63% to 78% between the two evaluated periods, with brain MRI usage rising significantly, indicating a strong correlation between MRI use and higher PPV for MSA cases.
  • The results also showed that while the PPV for the cerebellar type of MSA remained stable, the PP
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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of direct targeting in deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor using 7T MRI versus 3T MRI. The authors hypothesized that 7T MRI direct targeting would be noninferior to 3T MRI in early tremor outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients undergoing unilateral thalamic DBS for essential tremor between 2021 and 2023.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that presents a diagnostic challenge due to symptom overlap with other disorders. Neuromelanin (NM) imaging is a promising biomarker for PD, but adoption has been limited, in part due to subpar performance at standard MRI field strengths. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of ultra-high field 7T NM-sensitive imaging in the diagnosis of PD versus controls and essential tremor (ET), as well as NM differences among PD subtypes.

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This review makes the case that idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is an outdated term because new information indicates that the syndrome is less idiopathic and that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure of normal individuals is affected by several factors such as body mass index, age, and sex. Our review updates the epidemiology of iNPH and provides a clinical approach to the management of these patients. All the clinical features of iNPH are common in older individuals, and each has many causes, so the diagnosis is difficult.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study aims to enhance diagnostic accuracy for rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) by analyzing various cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, considering the overlap in symptoms and diagnostic challenges among different dementia types.
  • Researchers compared biomarker levels in 78 patients with RPD, 35 with typical neurodegenerative diseases, and 72 control subjects, focusing on multiple factors like neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
  • Results indicate that specific biomarkers can effectively distinguish between different underlying causes of RPD, with a multivariate model achieving 89% accuracy in identifying treatment-responsive cases.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to improve the early identification of patients experiencing rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) that can be treated effectively.
  • In a group of 226 patients, 155 were confirmed to have RPD, with 86 (55.5%) having causes that could respond to treatment, linked to specific clinical features like seizures and MRI results.
  • The research suggests that using the STAM P screening tool could help healthcare professionals recognize these treatable cases sooner, reducing delays in diagnosis and treatment.
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Background: Advances in MRI technology have increased interest in direct targeting for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Various imaging sequences have been shown to provide increased contrast of numerous common DBS targets, such as T1-weighted, Fast Gray Matter Acquisition T1 Inversion Recovery (FGATIR), gray matter nulled, and Edge-Enhancing Gradient Echo (EDGE); however, the continual increase in the number of necessary sequences has led to an increase in imaging time, which is undesirable. Additionally, carefully timed inversion pulses can often lead to less-than-ideal contrast in some subjects, particularly in ultra-high field MRI, where B1+ field inhomogeneity can lead to substantial contrast variation.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, with increasing prevalence and no current cure, making its treatment a significant global health challenge.
  • - Recent trials of monoclonal antibodies targeting amyloid β (Aβ) plaques have mostly been unsuccessful, but three antibodies—aducanumab, lecanemab, and donanemab—have shown promising results recently, though their overall effectiveness is still debated.
  • - This review aims to update clinicians on the latest developments in AD therapies reaching Phase III trials, helping them to better inform and advise patients and their caregivers.
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Background And Objectives: Variants in the gene have been associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). We aimed to replicate these findings, identify additional variants, and further define the clinical phenotype associated with variants.

Methods: We determined the prevalence of variants by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in 94 patients with NPH.

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Introduction: Perry syndrome (PS) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the DCTN1 gene and characterized by TDP-43 pathology. As the diagnosis is usually made at the advanced stages of the disease, there are no studies on the asymptomatic mutation carriers and their conversion to overt disease.

Methods: We personally examined 27 members of the large kindred of 104 individuals with familial parkinsonism.

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Introduction: The neuropsychological profile of CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy (CRL) is undefined. This study defines the profile, contrasts it with that of other dementia syndromes, and highlights measures sensitive to cognitive impairment.

Methods: We administered a standardized battery of neuropsychological tests to five consecutive CRL cases.

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Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess whether cancer occurs with increased frequency in multiple system atrophy (MSA). The pathological hallmark of MSA is glial cytoplasmic inclusions containing aggregated α-synuclein, and the related protein γ-synuclein correlates with invasive cancer. We investigated whether these two disorders are associated clinically.

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Article Synopsis
  • Familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (f-FTLD) is a diverse set of neurodegenerative disorders linked to specific genes, but the exact relationship between gene variants and clinical symptoms is not fully understood.
  • In the study, 184 symptomatic participants with pathogenic variants in three genes were analyzed for clinical differences using various neurologic assessments.
  • Results indicated different onset ages and symptom profiles: carriers of one gene showed earlier motor symptoms, while others exhibited unique features like fasciculations and oculomotor issues, highlighting the gene-specific variations in f-FTLD symptoms.
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  • The study investigates motor complications (MC) and treatment responses in young-onset Parkinson's Disease (YOPD) patients compared to late-onset Parkinson's Disease (LOPD) patients using a population-based cohort from Minnesota.
  • Findings show that 57% of YOPD patients experienced motor complications, significantly higher than the 32% in LOPD patients, with a notable portion of both cohorts being treatment resistant.
  • YOPD patients had a higher likelihood of being considered for and undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery, with a strong positive motor response observed in the majority of YOPD patients post-surgery.
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The global prevalence of dementia is expected to triple by the year 2050. This impending health care crisis has led to new heights of public awareness and general concern regarding cognitive impairment. Subsequently, clinicians are seeing more and more people presenting with cognitive concerns.

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Parkinsonism is usually designated a movement disorder. However, cognitive impairment comprises a major part of many parkinsonian syndromes, and inversely correlates with quality of life. Parkinsonian features are largely attributed to subcortical dopaminergic dysfunction, although other brain regions and neurotransmitters also contribute.

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Introduction: Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's Disease, but the impact of predictive factors on incidence and rate of cognitive decline is incompletely understood. We aimed to determine the effects of sex and APOE allele status on cognitive performance in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD).

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 325 clinically diagnosed PD patients who underwent one or more cognitive screenings with a Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) or Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS-2).

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