Feasibility of artificial intelligence-supported assessment of bone marrow infiltration using dual-energy computed tomography in patients with evidence of monoclonal protein - a retrospective observational study.

Objectives: To demonstrate the feasibility of an automated, non-invasive approach to estimate bone marrow (BM) infiltration of multiple myeloma (MM) by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) after virtual non-calcium (VNCa) post-processing.

Methods: Individuals with MM and monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) with concurrent DECT and BM biopsy between May 2018 and July 2020 were included in this retrospective observational study. Two pathologists and three radiologists reported BM infiltration and presence of osteolytic bone lesions, respectively.

Radiotherapy Response Assessment of Multiple Myeloma: A Dual-Energy CT Approach With Virtual Non-Calcium Images.

Background: Life expectancy of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has increased over the past decades, underlining the importance of local tumor control and avoidance of dose-dependent side effects of palliative radiotherapy (RT). Virtual noncalcium (VNCa) imaging from dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been suggested to estimate cellularity and metabolic activity of lytic bone lesions (LBLs) in MM.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of RT response monitoring with DECT-derived VNCa attenuation measurements in MM.