Tumor Volume Growth Rates and Doubling Times during Active Surveillance of IDH-mutant Low-Grade Glioma.

Purpose: Isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant (IDH-mt) gliomas are incurable primary brain tumors characterized by a slow-growing phase over several years followed by a rapid-growing malignant phase. We hypothesized that tumor volume growth rate (TVGR) on MRI may act as an earlier measure of clinical benefit during the active surveillance period.

Experimental Design: We integrated three-dimensional volumetric measurements with clinical, radiologic, and molecular data in a retrospective cohort of IDH-mt gliomas that were observed after surgical resection in order to understand tumor growth kinetics and the impact of molecular genetics.

Detection of cutaneous oxygen saturation using a novel snapshot hyperspectral camera: a feasibility study.

Background: Tissue necrosis, a consequence of inadequate tissue oxygenation, is a common post-operative complication. As current surgical assessments are often limited to visual and tactile feedback, additional techniques that can aid in the interrogation of tissue viability are needed to improve patient outcomes. In this bi-institutional pilot study, the performance of a novel snapshot hyperspectral imaging camera to detect superficial cutaneous oxygen saturation (StO) was evaluated.

Preclinical and first-in-human-brain-cancer applications of [F]poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor PET/MR.

Background: We report preclinical and first-in-human-brain-cancer data using a targeted poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) binding PET tracer, [F]PARPi, as a diagnostic tool to differentiate between brain cancers and treatment-related changes.

Methods: We applied a glioma model in p53-deficient nestin/tv-a mice, which were injected with [F]PARPi and then sacrificed 1 h post-injection for brain examination. We also prospectively enrolled patients with brain cancers to undergo dynamic [F]PARPi acquisition on a dedicated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) scanner.

Clinical and biochemical characteristics of adults with hypophosphatasia attending a metabolic bone clinic.

Objectives: This study sought to identify the clinical and biochemical characteristics that would help distinguish hypophosphatasia (HPP) from other metabolic bone diseases in adult patients attending a metabolic bone clinic by comparing patients who have genetically confirmed HPP with a group of patients with low bone mineral density (BMD) in the osteoporotic or osteopenic range.

Methods: Data were collected from February 2016 to October 2018 for 41 patients (n = 20 in the HPP group, n = 21 in the low-BMD group) attending the metabolic bone clinic at Sheffield, United Kingdom (UK) or who were recruited via the Rare UK Diseases Study (RUDY) platform during the same period. A study questionnaire was administered to all patients, and assessments were conducted for laboratory values, physical functions, BMD, and spine imaging.

Establishing race-, gender- and age-specific reference intervals for pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in the NHANES population to better identify adult hypophosphatasia.

Introduction: Bisphosphonate treatment in adults with hypophosphatasia (HPP) may increase fracture risk. PLP is a useful marker in biochemically differentiating HPP from osteoporosis in adults. In order to identify elevated PLP, robust reference intervals are needed which are calculated in a large, representative sample population.