Impact of varying maternal dietary folate intake on cerebellar cortex histomorphology and cell density in offspring rats.

The cerebellum has a long, protracted developmental period that spans from the embryonic to postnatal periods; as a result, it is more sensitive to intrauterine and postnatal insults like nutritional deficiencies. Folate is crucial for foetal and early postnatal brain development; however, its effects on cerebellar growth and development are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of maternal folate intake on the histomorphology and cell density of the developing cerebellum.

Histological types of brain tumors diagnosed at the Kenyatta National Hospital between 2016 and 2019: a retrospective study.

Purpose: To determine the histological types of brain tumors diagnosed at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.

Methods: This retrospective study retrieved patient-archived records at the Kenyatta National Hospital for the period 2016-2019. The histological types of brain tumors were assessed according to age, sex, and the WHO classification for CNS tumors using the GNU PSPP version 1.

Maternal usage of varying levels of dietary folate affects the postnatal development of cerebellar folia and cortical layer volumes.

Objective: The cerebellum has a long, protracted developmental period; therefore, it is more sensitive to intrauterine and postnatal insults like nutritional deficiencies. Folate is an essential nutrient in fetal and postnatal brain development, and its supplementation during pregnancy is widely recommended. This study aimed to describe the effects of maternal folate intake on postnatal cerebellum development.

Piloting a hospital-based road traffic injury surveillance system in Nairobi County, Kenya, 2018-2019.

Background: Kenya's estimated road traffic injury (RTI) death rate is 27.8/100,000 population, which is 1.5 times the global rate.

Cerebral Artery Hypoplasia in a Select Adult Kenyan Population.

 Hypoplasia of cerebral arteries predisposes to stroke and cerebral aneurysms which have an increased incidence in sub-Saharan Africa. The frequency and pattern of cerebral artery hypoplasia, however, shows population variations, and data from the African population remain scanty.  This study aimed to determine the percentage of hypoplasia in the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral, anterior and posterior communicating, basilar, and vertebral arteries.

Nonacademic Attributes Predict Medical and Nursing Student Intentions to Emigrate or to Work Rurally: An Eight-Country Survey in Asia and Africa.

AbstractWe sought to identify independent, nonacademic predictors of medical and nursing student intent to migrate abroad or from rural to urban areas after graduation in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). This was a cross-sectional survey of 3,199 first- and final-year medical and nursing students at 16 training institutions in eight LMIC. Questionnaires assessed demographics, career intentions, and preferences regarding selected career, location, and work-related attributes.

Arterial blood supply variation in the anterior midline mandible: Significance to dental implantology.

Background: Inter-foraminal implant placement poses a risk to the sublingual artery as it enters the mandibular midline lingual foramen. Lack of consensus on the source of this artery poses a dilemma to surgeons during management of haemorrhagic episodes. Determination of the exact source of this artery is therefore pivotal.

Repeated Exposure to Dissection Does Not Influence Students' Attitudes towards Human Body Donation for Anatomy Teaching.

The use of unclaimed bodies for anatomical dissection has been the main method of instruction at our institution. There is however a shortage of cadavers for dissection given the increase in the number of medical schools as well as in the number of students enrolling in these schools. This shortage could be mitigated by having voluntary human body donation programs.

Effect of Monocular Deprivation on Rabbit Neural Retinal Cell Densities.

Purpose: To describe the effect of monocular deprivation on densities of neural retinal cells in rabbits.

Methods: Thirty rabbits, comprised of 18 subject and 12 control animals, were included and monocular deprivation was achieved through unilateral lid suturing in all subject animals. The rabbits were observed for three weeks.

Features of atherosclerosis in the tunica adventitia of coronary and carotid arteries in a black kenyan population.

Introduction. Histologic changes which occur in the tunica adventitia during initiation, progression, and complications of atherosclerosis are seldom reported. This study aimed at describing the features of atherosclerosis in the tunica adventitia of two of the commonly afflicted arteries, namely, left anterior descending coronary and common carotid in black Kenyans.

Variations in the position and length of the vermiform appendix in a black kenyan population.

Background. Topography of the appendix influences its mobility, degree of mobilization of the cecum, and need for additional muscle splitting during appendectomy. Although appendectomy is a common surgical procedure, there is a paucity of data on its topography in black Africans.

Branching pattern of inferior mesenteric artery in a black african population: a dissection study.

Background. Branching pattern of inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and pattern of vascular supply to the left colon and rectosigmoid areas, though important during colorectal surgery, display interethnic variations. Further, these regions have notable vascular "weak points" reported to be highly susceptible to ischemic colitis.

Spinal tuberculosis among human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients in a Kenyan tertiary hospital: a 5-year synopsis.

Background Context: Spinal tuberculosis (TB) accounts for more than half of all cases of skeletal TB. Although Kenya has one of the highest burdens of TB, data on spinal TB in this country remain scarce.

Purpose: To highlight the clinical presentation and management of this condition in our setup.

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications: a three-year retrospective study in a Kenyan national teaching and referral hospital.

Background/aims: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications have scarcely been reported in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed at determining the frequency of these complications and their associated risk factors in a Kenyan National Teaching and Referral Hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional study retrospectively covered 117 patients admitted to the Kenyatta National Hospital neurosurgical ward between January 2005 and December 2007 with ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications.