Inducing a mental context for associative memory formation with real-time fMRI neurofeedback.

Memory, one of the hallmarks of human cognition, can be modified when humans voluntarily modulate neural population activity using neurofeedback. However, it is currently unknown whether neurofeedback can influence the integration of memories, and whether memory is facilitated or impaired after such neural perturbation. In this study, participants memorized objects while we provided them with abstract neurofeedback based on their brain activity patterns in the ventral visual stream.

Online decoding of object-based attention using real-time fMRI.

Visual attention is used to selectively filter relevant information depending on current task demands and goals. Visual attention is called object-based attention when it is directed to coherent forms or objects in the visual field. This study used real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging for moment-to-moment decoding of attention to spatially overlapped objects belonging to two different object categories.

The effects of vigabatrin on spike and wave discharges in WAG/Rij rats.

The effects of vigabatrin, which increases GABA concentrations by inhibiting GABA transaminase, on spike and wave discharges (SWDs) in the electroencephalogram of WAG/Rij rats were studied. Vigabatrin increased the incidence and duration of the SWDs, suggesting a quantitative GABA(A)ergic involvement in the mechanism(s) underlying the starting and stopping of an ongoing SWD. Also, vigabatrin decreased the SWD peak frequency, suggesting an important role of GABA(B) in the mechanism(s) underlying the peak frequency of the SWDs.

The effects of vigabatrin on type II spike wave discharges in rats.

The antiepileptic drug vigabatrin increases GABA concentrations by inhibiting GABA transaminase. The effects of vigabatrin on type II spike wave discharges (SWDs) in the electroencephalogram of ACI rats were studied in order to learn more about the effects of altering GABA concentration on SWDs. The incidence of type II SWDs increased after vigabatrin (60/h) as compared to saline treatment (3.