Publications by authors named "Philip J Polkinghorne"
Aims: To examine the role of early vitrectomy in the management of endophthalmitis from all causes.
Methods: Retrospective study of 290 consecutive subjects diagnosed with endophthalmitis at Auckland District Health Board between 1 January 2006 and 31 July 2019. Main outcome measure was visual acuity at 9-month follow-up and proportion of subjects with severe vision loss (≤20/200).
The COL9A3 gene encodes one of the three alpha chains of Type IX collagen, with heterozygous variants reported to cause multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, and suggested as contributory in some cases of sensorineural hearing loss. Patients with homozygous variants have midface hypoplasia, myopia, sensorineural hearing loss, epiphyseal changes and carry a diagnosis of Stickler syndrome. Variants in COL9A3 have not previously been reported to cause vitreoretinal degeneration and/or retinal detachments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To compare functional and anatomical outcomes, rates of culture positivity and number of procedures in eyes with endophthalmitis following phacoemulsification surgery, treated with either primary vitrectomy and intravitreal antibiotics or vitreous tap and antibiotic injection (T&I).
Methods: Patients developing endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification surgery between 2007 and 2016 were identified, and outcomes were compared between the two treatment groups.
Results: 19 patients underwent a primary vitrectomy and 22 underwent a T&I.
Purpose: To describe the surgical technique of internal drainage of subretinal fluid as an adjunct to chandelier-assisted scleral buckling for the repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Methods: The technique of internal drainage with a sharp needle or cannula through a trocar is described and shown in a Supplemental Digital Content 1 (see Video, http://links.lww.
Importance: To determine if endophthalmitis following cataract surgery is linked to increased mortality.
Background: Increased mortality has been linked to patients with cataract and cataract surgery. We tested the hypothesis that post-cataract endophthalmitis has a greater risk of death than pseudophakes who do not develop this complication.
Purpose: To report removal of retained subfoveal perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) after vitrectomy for retinal detachment.
Methods: Three patients underwent 3-port 23-gauge vitrectomy in an attempt to remove retained subfoveal PFCL bubble secondary to retinal detachment surgery. In two patients, removal was achieved via a 23-G needle whereas the third patient with multiple small subfoveal droplets, multiple punctures were required and in that case a small 40-G needle was used.
Importance: To compare the safety and outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification in post-vitrectomy eyes.
Background: To compare visual outcomes and adverse outcomes of FLACS and conventional phacoemulsification in vitrectomized eyes.
Design: Single surgeon, retrospective study set in a private clinic in Auckland, New Zealand.
Optic Nerve Head Hemorrhages Associated With Posterior Vitreous Detachment.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila)
May 2018
Purpose: To report and evaluate the clinical and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of optic nerve hemorrhages (ONH) associated with spontaneous posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).
Design: A prospective case series conducted at a private ophthalmic practice in Auckland, New Zealand.
Methods: A consecutive series of patients presenting at a private multispecialty practice in Auckland, New Zealand, with symptoms of PVD with ONH underwent imaging of the optic nerve with digital retinal photography and OCT.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine if the lens protein aquaporin 0 (AQP0) is present in the vitreous of pseudophakic eyes of patients presenting with chronic cystoid macular edema (CME).
Design: A case-control study was conducted.
Methods: Ten patients undergoing therapeutic vitrectomy for chronic CME after uncomplicated cataract surgery were enrolled in this study.
A wide range of ocular abnormalities have been documented to occur in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1. The objectives of this study were to investigate the macular and optic nerve morphology using optical coherence tomography in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1. A total of 30 myotonic dystrophy type 1 patients and 28 controls were recruited for participation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe localised amino acids in the mid-peripheral aged human retina and a retina that had undergone radiation treatment 10 years earlier. The distribution pattern of glutamate, γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), glycine, glutamine and taurine, reflected patterns established in the primate retina. The retina that had undergone radiation exposure displayed both anatomical and neurochemical remodelling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To identify the distribution of creatine transporter (CRT) in the aged human retina and how this expression pattern is modified after retinal detachment.
Methods: An affinity-purified antibody raised against the CRT was used in the immunohistochemical investigation. The anti-CRT antibody was colocalized with neuronal markers (calbindin, parvalbumin, Islet-1, calretinin, GAD₆₇, Go-alpha), glia markers (glutamine synthetase, glial fibrillary acid protein), and a blood vessel basal membrane marker (laminin).
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is by far the most common indication for retinal surgery and a major cause of severe vision loss. Increased levels of glutamate found in the vitreous of human patients and persistent remodeling, even after reattachment, suggest substantial neurochemical, functional and anatomical changes have occurred in the detached retina. Therefore, this study was designed to characterize the morphological changes and glutamate receptor functionality in human rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlutamate is the major neurotransmitter in the vertebrate retina. Neurons involved in the glutamate pathway express α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA), kainic acid (KA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Functional characterization of these ionotropic glutamate receptors can be achieved by using a cation channel permeating probe named agmatine (1-amino-4-guanidobutane; AGB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To identify the clinical features and outcomes of infectious endophthalmitis in New Zealand.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed on all patients presenting at Auckland Public Hospital with presumed infectious endophthalmitis between 1996 and 2004.
Results: One hundred and six patients were diagnosed with infectious endophthalmitis over the 9-year study period.
Purpose: To report on the functional outcome of surgery on patients with concurrent cataract and breakthrough vitreous haemorrhage from age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).
Methods: Retrospective case series.
Results: Five eyes were included in the study.
Purpose: To determine the risk for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after phacoemulsification.
Setting: Private and public facility, Auckland, New Zealand.
Methods: A retrospective study of 1793 consecutive patients having cataract surgery by phacoemulsification was performed.