Single enantiomer of YK-4-279 demonstrates specificity in targeting the oncogene EWS-FLI1.

Oncogenic fusion proteins, such as EWS-FLI1, are excellent therapeutic targets as they are only located within the tumor. However, there are currently no agents targeted toward transcription factors, which are often considered to be 'undruggable.' A considerable body of evidence is accruing that refutes this claim based upon the intrinsic disorder of transcription factors.

Ketamine analgesia is not related to an opiate action in the periaqueductal gray region of the rat brain.

Ketamine is an injectable anesthetic agent that has been shown to interact as an agonist at opiate receptors. In addition, its antinociceptive action in rats is antagonized by the narcotic receptor antagonist naloxone. Thus it was assumed that the anesthetic may activate the pain inhibitory pathway, originating in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and descending into the spinal cord, in a manner similar to that of narcotics like morphine.