The Hitchhiker's guide to the rhinencephalon.

Pathology of the rhinencephalon has been a subject of interest in the fields of neurodegenerative diseases, trauma, epilepsy and other neurological conditions. Most of what is known about the human rhinencephalon comes from comparative anatomy studies in other mammals and histological studies in primates. Functional imaging studies can provide new and important insight into the function of the rhinencephalon in humans but have limited spatial resolution, limiting its contribution to the study of the anatomy of the human rhinencephalon.

Past smoking and current dopamine agonist use show an independent and dose-dependent association with impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Previous studies have described the association between dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease and impulse control disorders.

Methods: A case-control study was performed to establish the prevalence of four of these behaviors in Brazilian patients with Parkinson's disease on stable dopamine replacement therapy and the possible associated risk factors. We investigated 152 patients and 212 healthy controls for pathological gambling, compulsive sexual behavior and compulsive buying and eating.

Gowers' Queen Square case notes on chorea: a 21st century re-appraisal.

Objective: To analyze the case notes of 127 patients with chorea admitted to the National Hospital at Queen Square, London, under the care of William Richard Gowers and review his contribution to the study of choreas.

Methods: We consulted the case books available at the Queen Square Library, from 1878 to 1911, comprising 42 volumes.

Results: 97 patients (76.

The clinical features of pathologically confirmed vascular parkinsonism.

Objective: To evaluate in detail the clinical features in a large series of pathologically confirmed cases of vascular Parkinsonism (VP).

Background: In the absence of widely accepted diagnostic criteria for VP pathological confirmation of diagnosis is necessary to ensure diagnostic reliability, and has only been reported in a few small series.

Design/methods: The archival records of the Queen Square Brain Bank (QSBB) have been used to identify cases of Parkinsonism where cerebrovascular disease was the only pathological finding.