Exploring the potential utility of AI large language models for medical ethics: an expert panel evaluation of GPT-4.

Integrating large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 into medical ethics is a novel concept, and understanding the effectiveness of these models in aiding ethicists with decision-making can have significant implications for the healthcare sector. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of GPT-4 in responding to complex medical ethical vignettes and to gauge its utility and limitations for aiding medical ethicists. Using a mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey approach, a panel of six ethicists assessed LLM-generated responses to eight ethical vignettes.

Paternalism and autonomy: views of patients and providers in a transitional (post-communist) country.

Background: Patient autonomy is a fundamental, yet challenging, principle of professional medical ethics. The idea that individual patients should have the freedom to make choices about their lives, including medical matters, has become increasingly prominent in current literature. However, this has not always been the case, especially in communist countries where paternalistic attitudes have been interwoven into all relationships including medical ones.

FLO: a cure for what ails healthcare?

Zimmerman et al. contend that it is only by providing front-line staff with the tools and the power to change practice that patient safety can be truly embedded in an institution. In this commentary, the author agrees with this argument and adds that patients and families must also have a central place at the table when it comes to addressing healthcare's failings.

Nurses' disclosure of error scenarios in nursing homes.

Background: Little work has explored the disclosure of errors in nursing homes (NHs).

Purpose: This paper reports how nurses would disclose hypothetical errors that occur in NH settings.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was given to a randomly selected sample of registered nurses (RNs) and registered practical nurses (RPNs) working in Ontario, Canada NHs.

Nurses' perceptions of error reporting and disclosure in nursing homes.

Nurses have an obligation to disclose an error when one occurs. This study explored 1180 nurses' perceptions of error disclosure in the nursing home setting. Nurse respondents found disclosure to be a difficult process.

To tell or not to tell? Professional and lay perspectives on the disclosure of personal health information in community-based dementia care.

Developments in information technology and the ongoing restructuring of health services to increase provision in community settings militate in favour of a streamlining of communications and the exchange of information about patients among health and social care providers. Yet the principles of confidentiality and privacy appear to inhibit this process. In order to explore the practical, ethical, and legal imperatives attendant upon personal health information exchange, we conducted a series of interviews with professional care providers, persons with early-stage dementia, and their family caregivers.

Helicobacter pylori and the prevention of gastric cancer.

Background: Helicobacter pylori is an important cause of stomach cancer that infects a substantial proportion of the Canadian adult population. H pylori can be detected by noninvasive tests and effectively eradicated by medical treatment. Screening for and treatment of H pylori may represent a significant opportunity for preventive oncology.