Social, intellectual, psychological, and attractiveness judgements of lay people about patients before and after combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment.

Background: Facial appearance plays a significant role in the success of social interactions. There is a limited amount of evidence investigating the influence of combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment on the social judgments of lay people.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in facial appearance following orthognathic surgery alter the social judgements made by lay people.

Fifty years of the / .

Background: It is 50 years since publication of the first volume of the (). Now known as the (), the official journal of the British Orthodontic Society strives to published high quality, evidence-based research.

Aim: To compare the content of articles published by the in 1973-1974 with those in the in 2022-2023 to identify any changes over 50 years.

"Over-reviewing" of research? An analysis of orthodontic reviews.

Introduction: Research overviews may be undertaken to identify gaps in the literature, evaluate existing systematic reviews (SRs), and summarize evidence. This paper aims to profile overviews that have been conducted in orthodontics and related interventions since 2012 and to evaluate the degree of overlap among these overviews.

Methods: Overviews published between January 1, 2012 and June 20, 2023 were identified using an electronic search involving Google Scholar and PubMed.

Extraction vs nonextraction of premolars for orthodontic treatment: A scoping review examining the extent, range, and characteristics of the literature.

Introduction: The debate about whether malocclusion can or should be treated with or without extraction of premolars continues. This scoping review quantifies the literature, summarizes the outcomes researched and methods, and proposes a way to reduce uncertainty in this area.

Methods: Electronic and gray literature searches were undertaken without language restriction, but non-English language titles and abstracts were not translated.

Eye Movement Abnormalities Can Distinguish First-Episode Schizophrenia, Chronic Schizophrenia, and Prodromal Patients From Healthy Controls.

Background: This study attempts to replicate in a Chinese population an earlier UK report that eye movement abnormalities can accurately distinguish schizophrenia (SCZ) cases from healthy controls (HCs). It also seeks to determine whether first-episode SCZ differ from chronic SCZ and whether these eye movement abnormalities are enriched in psychosis risk syndrome (PRS).

Methods: The training set included 104 Chinese HC and 60 Chinese patients with SCZ, and the testing set included 20 SCZ patients and 20 HC from a UK cohort.

A qualitative evaluation of attitudes toward extractions among primary care orthodontists in Great Britain.

Introduction: The need to extract permanent teeth as part of orthodontic treatment has been keenly debated over many decades. Changes in the frequency of extraction have been well documented; however, we continue to lack an understanding of what influences clinicians' decisions regarding extracting permanent teeth.

Methods: Purposive sampling was undertaken to obtain representative views from primary care practitioners across Great Britain with a range of experience representing genders and wide geographic distribution.

Automated modeling of protein accumulation at DNA damage sites using qFADD.py.

Eukaryotic cells are constantly subject to DNA damage, often with detrimental consequences for the health of the organism. Cells mitigate this DNA damage through a variety of repair pathways involving a diverse and large number of different proteins. To better understand the cellular response to DNA damage, one needs accurate measurements of the accumulation, retention, and dissipation timescales of these repair proteins.

Study protocol for the management of impacted maxillary central incisors: a multicentre randomised clinical trial: the iMAC Trial.

Background: Failure of eruption of the maxillary permanent incisor teeth usually presents in the mixed dentition between the ages of 7 and 9 years. Missing and unerupted maxillary incisors can be regarded as unattractive and have a potentially negative impact on facial and dental aesthetics. The presence of a supernumerary tooth (or odontoma) is commonly responsible for failed eruption or impaction of the permanent maxillary incisors.

Development of the Orthodontic Treatment Impact Questionnaire: Cross-sectional validation.

Introduction: The need to involve patients in developing and evaluating health care interventions is now well-recognized. This study assesses and refines the Orthodontic Treatment Impact Questionnaire for use as a patient-reported outcome in an interventional clinical trial to evaluate and compare any orthodontic interventions.

Methods: The face and content validity of a previously developed questionnaire were tested in 2 focus groups involving adolescents aged 11-17 years.

Eye Movement Patterns Can Distinguish Schizophrenia From the Major Affective Disorders and Healthy Control Subjects.

Background And Hypothesis: No objective tests are currently available to help diagnosis of major psychiatric disorders. This study evaluates the potential of eye movement behavior patterns to predict schizophrenia subjects compared to those with major affective disorders and control groups.

Study Design: Eye movements were recorded from a training set of UK subjects with schizophrenia (SCZ;  = 120), bipolar affective disorder (BPAD;  = 141), major depressive disorder (MDD;  = 136), and healthy controls (CON;  = 142), and from a hold-out set of 133 individuals with proportional group sizes.

Young people's experiences of orthodontic retainers: A qualitative study.

Objective: To investigate young people's experiences of retainers, the associated impact of retainers on their lives and their perceptions of what influences their own co-operation.

Design: Qualitative, cross-sectional study.

Setting: An orthodontic department in a UK dental hospital.

Interventions for promoting the eruption of palatally displaced permanent canine teeth, without the need for surgical exposure, in children aged 9 to 14 years.

Background: A permanent upper (maxillary) canine tooth that grows into the roof of the mouth and frequently does not appear (erupt) is called a palatally displaced canine (PDC). The reported prevalence of PDC in the population varies between 1% and 3%. Management of the unerupted PDC can be lengthy, involving surgery to uncover the tooth and prolonged orthodontic (brace) treatment to straighten it; therefore, various procedures have been suggested to encourage a PDC to erupt without the need for surgical intervention.

Exploring 10-15-year-old patients' perspectives of fixed orthodontic treatment.

Objective: To explore and understand young people's perspectives of fixed orthodontic treatment. In particular, understanding how young people perceived and experienced having a fixed appliance and how their experiences can change during their treatment.

Design: Qualitative study carried out longitudinally.

Development of a core outcome set for use in routine orthodontic clinical trials.

Introduction: A diverse range of outcomes is used in orthodontic research with a focus on measuring outcomes important to clinicians and little consistency in outcome selection and measurement. We aimed to develop a core outcome set for use in clinical trials of orthodontic treatment not involving cleft or orthognathic patient groups.

Methods: A list of outcomes measured in previous orthodontic research was identified through a scoping literature review.

Sensory auditory interval perception errors in developmental dyslexia.

Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a heritable condition associated with reading, visual and auditory deficits. Atypical processes involved in low-level sensory coding have been implicated. We tested the contribution made by auditory magnocellular function using a behavioural task which considered the temporal difference between pairs of identical sinewave tones.

Managing orthodontic appliances in everyday life: A qualitative study of young people's experiences with removable functional appliances, fixed appliances and retainers.

Objective: To compare young people's experiences of wearing a range of orthodontic appliances.

Design: A cross-sectional, qualitative study with purposive sampling.

Setting: UK dental teaching hospital.

Rasch model of the child perceptions questionnaire in multi-country data.

Objective: To be fit-for-purpose, oral health-related quality of life instruments must possess a range of psychometric properties which had not been fully examined in the 16-item Short Form Child Perceptions Questionnaire for children aged 11 to 14 years (CPQ ISF-16). We used advanced statistical approaches to determine the CPQ's measurement accuracy, precision, invariance and dimensionality and analyzed whether age range could be extended from 8 to 15 years.

Methods: Fit to the Rasch model was examined in 6648 8-to-15-year-olds from Australia, New Zealand, Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand, Germany, United Kingdom, Brazil and Mexico.

Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment.

Background: Early dental decay or demineralised lesions (DLs, also known as white spot lesions) can appear on teeth during fixed orthodontic (brace) treatment. Fluoride reduces decay in susceptible individuals, including orthodontic patients. This review compared various forms of topical fluoride to prevent the development of DLs during orthodontic treatment.

Permeability enhancement through hydraulic fracturing: laboratory measurements combining a 3D printed jacket and pore fluid over-pressure.

The process of hydraulic fracture is well known in both natural (e.g. veining and mineralisation) and engineered environments (e.