Publications by authors named "Philip Agomo"
Declining responsiveness of childhood Plasmodium falciparum infections to artemisinin-based combination treatments ten years following deployment as first-line antimalarials in Nigeria.
Infect Dis Poverty
August 2019
Background: The development and spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Greater Mekong Subregion has created impetus for continuing global monitoring of efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). This post analyses is aimed to evaluate changes in early treatment response markers 10 years after the adoption of ACTs as first-line treatments of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Nigeria.
Methods: At 14 sentinel sites in six geographical areas of Nigeria, we evaluated treatment responses in 1341 children under 5 years and in additional 360 children under 16 years with uncomplicated malaria enrolled in randomized trials of artemether-lumefantrine versus artesunate-amodiaquine at 5-year interval in 2009-2010 and 2014-2015 and at 2-year interval in 2009-2010 and 2012-2015, respectively after deployment in 2005.
Background: In severe malaria, intravenous artesunate may cause delayed haemolytic anaemia but there has been little evaluation of the propensity of oral artemisinin-based combination treatments (ACTs) to cause late-appearing anaemia.
Methods: The frequency of anaemia (haematocrit <30%), and temporal changes in haematocrit were evaluated in 1,191 malarious children following ACTs. "Haematocrit conservation" was evaluated by using the fall in haematocrit/1,000 asexual parasites cleared from the peripheral blood (FIH/1,000 asexual parasites cpb), and the ratio of the average haematocrit (on the first 3 days of starting treatment):total parasitaemia cleared.
Therapeutic efficacy and effects of artemisinin-based combination treatments on uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria -associated anaemia in Nigerian children during seven years of adoption as first-line treatments.
Infect Dis Poverty
February 2017
Background: Artemisinin-based combination treatments (ACTs) are the first-line treatments of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in many endemic areas but there are few evaluation of their efficacy in anaemic malarious children.
Methods: Therapeutic efficacy of 3-day regimens of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine was evaluated in 437 anaemic and 909 non-anaemic malarious children following treatment during a seven-year period (2008-2014). Patterns of temporal changes in haematocrit were classified based on haematocrit values <30% and ≥30%.
Article Synopsis
- Malaria during pregnancy significantly contributes to maternal health risks and poor pregnancy outcomes, highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies among pregnant women.
- A study was conducted with 450 pregnant women in Lagos State, Nigeria, to assess their knowledge and attitudes towards malaria and the use of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for intermittent preventive therapy (IPTp-SP).
- Results showed that while many women recognized malaria as a serious illness and had some knowledge of SP, most were unaware that SP is also used for prevention, and various alternative prevention methods were commonly practiced.
Introduction: This study determined the association of TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile with uncomplicated and severe malaria among Nigerian children of similar ethnic background in Lagos. The association of these SNPs with high parasite density, malnutrition, hyperpyrexia and anaemia was also investigated.
Methods: Genomic DNA of the study participants was screened for the genotypes of TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile by PCR-RFLP.
The efficacy of 3-day regimens of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine were evaluated in 747 children < 5 years of age with uncomplicated malaria from six geographical areas of Nigeria. Fever clearance was significantly faster (P = 0.006) and the proportion of children with parasitemia 1 day after treatment began was significantly lower (P = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalariometric surveys generate data on malaria epidemiology and dynamics of transmission necessary for planning and monitoring of control activities. This study determined the prevalence of malaria and the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards malaria infection in Ibeshe, a coastal community. The study took place during the dry season in 10 villages of Ibeshe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevalence rates reported for malaria in pregnancy in Nigeria vary considerably. The accuracy of results of malaria diagnosis is dependent on training, experience, and motivation of the microscopist as well as the laboratory facility available. Results of training programmes on malaria microscopy have shown low levels of sensitivity and specificity of those involved in malaria diagnosis routinely and for research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The combination of artesunate and mefloquine has been reported to be effective against multi-drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which has been reported in Nigeria. The objective of this multi-centre study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of the co-packaged formulation of artesunate and mefloquine in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in two weight groups: those between 15 - 29 kg and > or = 30 kg respectively.
Methods: The trial was conducted in rural communities in the north-east, north-central, south-west and south-eastern parts of Nigeria.
Article Synopsis
- Mother-to-child transmission of HIV accounts for over 90% of HIV cases in infants in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting a critical public health issue.
- A survey in Ogun State, Nigeria, involving 804 women at antenatal clinics revealed that while 90% had heard of HIV/AIDS, only 27% knew about the potential for mother-to-child transmission.
- The study indicates a need for enhanced public health education on HIV/AIDS, particularly focusing on younger women and those with lower education levels, to improve awareness and access to voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT).