Efficacy of careHPV™ human papillomavirus screening versus conventional cytology tests for the detection of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions among women living with HIV-1 in Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Background: In the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), cervical cancer is the third leading cause of women cancer.

Aims: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare the efficacy of careHPV™ test versus conventional Pap smear or Siriraj liquid-based cytology in the detection of cervical cancer in women living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).

Materials & Methods: Overall, 631 women consented to participate.

Subtypes of Breast Cancer in Lao P.D.R.: A Study in a Limited-Resource Setting.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of the immunohistochemical subtypes of breast cancer among Lao women by using immunohistochemistry (according to the St. Gallen 2017 guidelines) and to study their correlation to clinicopathological features in order to help guide better treatment plans for patients. Materials and methods: Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue blocks of 76 cases of primary invasive breast cancer were retrieved from the University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao PDR, from 2013 to 2016.

Useful Application of Immunostaining to Malignant Pleural Effusion among Lao People in Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR.

Background: Pathology and laboratory medicine (PALM) services are limited in low-resource countries, such as Lao PDR. Patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) are not properly diagnosed and treated in these situations. The purpose of this study is to confirm the usefulness of immunocytochemistry in MPE to identify the histological type and probable primary site of cancer of MPE and to discuss its usefulness in low-resource countries, such as Laos.

Histopathogenesis of early-stage mitral annular calcification.

Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a common condition in elderly subjects that sometimes causes degenerative mitral valvular diseases. To investigate the early histopathogenesis of MAC, we examined 180 consecutive autopsies of elderly subjects. After a macroscopic and radiological examination, 5-mm-thick serial tissue blocks obtained from the mitral annulus were examined in all MAC cases.