Susceptibility to oil spill spreading using case studies and simulated scenarios.

Fossil fuels still prevail over other energy sources in the world's consumption energy matrix. Thus, oil transportation and operations over maritime routes have been in high demand for a long time. Although oil spill accidents caused by these activities have reduced significantly over the last few decades, they still cause great concern.

Integrated environmental vulnerability to oil spills in sensitive areas.

As the typical range of influence of oil spills surrounds urbanised and economically active areas, it is likely that fragile regions may not be part of the most vulnerable zones. This premise is remediated in this paper with the adoption of a vulnerability approach based on the integration of static and dynamic information, such as oil pollution susceptibility. Susceptibility is a poorly consolidated term and is often used as synonym for environmental sensitivity; it is considered here to be the distribution areas of oil slicks.