Publications by authors named "Phelan D"
We report the appearance of superconductivity in single-unit-cell NdNiO, exhibiting a transition temperature similar to that of thicker films. In situ synchrotron x-ray scattering performed during growth of the parent phase, NdNiO, shows that the necessary layer-by-layer deposition sequence does not follow the sequence of the formula unit but an alternate order due to the relative stability of the perovskite unit cell. We exploit this insight to grow ultrathin NdNiO heterostructures and conduct in situ studies of topotactic reduction, finding that formation of the square-planar phase occurs rapidly and is highly sensitive to reduction temperature, with small deviations from the optimum condition leading to inhomogeneity and the loss of superconductivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Despite progress in recognizing and diagnosing spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) in the last decade, there is still limited understanding of its mechanisms, contributing factors, and effective treatments.
- The text highlights research gaps in SCAD and suggests strategies like patient advocacy, independent registries, and specialized centers to improve clinical care and research outcomes.
- Additionally, it presents a patient-centered clinical care and research framework developed by the SCAD Alliance and International SCAD registry as a model to enhance understanding and management of this condition.
Article Synopsis
- - Sudden cardiac arrest and death can affect athletes of all ages and competition levels, representing a significant and preventable public health issue globally.
- - There is uncertainty around the exact rates of these incidents due to insufficient reporting and lack of infrastructure, and disparities exist in outcomes between Black and White athletes.
- - Causes vary by age, with younger athletes often facing genetic heart issues while older athletes typically experience coronary artery disease; emergency action plans are crucial for effective cardiac care.
Article Synopsis
- - Topotactic reduction is essential for phase transitions like the synthesis of the superconducting nickelate NdSrNiO, which is created from a NdSrNiO/SrTiO structure, but it's difficult to replicate due to its sensitive nature.
- - Research using synchrotron techniques shows that a thin surface layer on NdSrNiO is crucial for facilitating hydrogen introduction, removing apical oxygens, and stabilizing the structure without causing defects.
- - The study finds no significant geometric changes or hydrogen incorporation in the films affecting superconductivity, highlighting key structural aspects that can guide future work in nickelate superconductors.
Bone morphogenetic protein-3 is a negative regulator of transforming growth factor beta and fibrosis.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
December 2024
Fibrosis results in one-third of all deaths globally and is a major healthcare challenge. Fibrosis is scarring caused by the excess deposition of extracellular matrix proteins by fibroblasts. Inhibition of pathways downstream of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) a pluripotent growth factor, has potent antifibrotic effects in different organs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The text highlights the existing racial disparities in cardiovascular health, particularly sudden cardiac death (SCD) among competitive athletes, emphasizing the need to understand the influence of social determinants of health and structural racism on these disparities.* -
- It advocates for a paradigm shift in sports cardiology that focuses on three principles: race-conscious awareness, clinical inclusivity, and research-driven refinement, suggesting a move away from race-based assumptions towards personalized and equitable health care.* -
- The conclusion stresses the importance of recognizing structural racism and social determinants of health in understanding and addressing health outcome disparities, proposing that a race-conscious framework could improve the quality of cardiovascular care for diverse athletes.*
Background: Studies reporting on the incidence of sudden cardiac arrest and/or death (SCA/D) in athletes commonly lack methodological and reporting rigor, which has implications for screening and preventative policy in sport. To date, there are no tools designed for assessing study quality in studies investigating the incidence of SCA/D in athletes.
Methods And Results: The International Criteria for Reporting Study Quality for Sudden Cardiac Arrest/Death tool (IQ-SCA/D) was developed following a Delphi process.
Article Synopsis
- Nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (nHCM) currently lacks approved treatments, but a new drug, ninerafaxstat, aims to improve heart energy and alleviate symptoms.
- A clinical trial with 67 patients showed that ninerafaxstat led to better ventilatory efficiency after 12 weeks compared to a placebo, despite similar peak exercise levels.
- Overall, ninerafaxstat was safe, well tolerated, and particularly beneficial for patients with more severe symptoms, indicating potential for improving their health and exercise capacity.
Article Synopsis
- Previous research on professional basketball athletes has mostly focused on male athletes and female echocardiography, resulting in a lack of ECG data specific to female athletes.
- The study aimed to create reference ECG data for female professional basketball players, collecting data during mandatory preseason screenings between April and May 2022 and analyzing it from February to July 2023.
- Of the 173 women analyzed, 78.6% showed training-related ECG changes, while 4.6% had abnormal findings, with a significant number also displaying left ventricular adaptations linked to athletic remodeling.
Hypercapnia occurs when the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO) in the blood exceeds 45 mmHg. Hypercapnia is associated with several lung pathologies and is transcriptionally linked to suppression of immune and inflammatory signalling through poorly understood mechanisms. Here we propose Orphan Nuclear Receptor Family 4A (NR4A) family members NR4A2 and NR4A3 as potential transcriptional regulators of the cellular response to hypercapnia in monocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report the discovery of a novel form of Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) nickelate that stands as the first example of long-range, coherent polymorphism in this class of inorganic solids. Rather than the well-known, uniform stacking of perovskite blocks ubiquitously found in RP phases, this newly discovered polymorph of the bilayer RP phase LaNiO adopts a novel stacking sequence in which single-layer and trilayer blocks of NiO octahedra alternate in a "1313" sequence. Crystals of this new polymorph are described in space group , although we note evidence for a competing variant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The 21st Century Cures Act Final Rule requires that certified electronic health records (EHRs) be able to export a patient's full set of electronic health information (EHI). This requirement becomes more powerful if EHI exports use interoperable application programming interfaces (APIs). We sought to advance the ecosystem, instantiating policy desiderata in a working reference implementation based on a consensus design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFX-ray-induced piezoresponse during X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy of PbMgNbO.
J Synchrotron Radiat
January 2024
Article Synopsis
- X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) is a technique that can observe atomic-scale dynamics in materials during both stable and changing conditions.
- This study focuses on the relaxor ferroelectric material PbMgNbO (PMN) and shows that a weak AC electric field significantly affects the speckle patterns in diffuse scattering related to polar nanodomains.
- The researchers propose a model to explain the unexpected dynamic tilting of the material in response to the X-ray beam, suggesting that this piezoresponse may be important for interpreting results in XPCS and similar studies of insulating materials.
Article Synopsis
- - Routine exercise induces different cardiovascular changes in males and females, which are detectable through cardiac tests like electrocardiograms and imaging.
- - Understanding these sex-based differences is crucial, as they mirror trends found in the general population, but current research is lacking due to fewer female participants.
- - This review aims to explore how sex influences cardiovascular adaptations during exercise, the role of sex hormones in performance, and suggests vital areas for future studies.
Background: People diagnosed with genetic heart diseases (GHDs) associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD) have historically been restricted from competitive sports. Recent data documenting return-to-play (RTP) experiences following shared decision making (SDM) suggest that cardiac event rates for athletes with a GHD are lower than previously described, thereby suggesting an opportunity to reconsider this paradigm.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes among National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I university and professional athletes diagnosed with a GHD.
Evolution of magnetic surfboards and spin glass behavior in (FeGa)TiO.
J Phys Condens Matter
August 2023
The unusual anisotropy of the spin glass (SG) transition in the pseudobrookite system FeTiOhas been interpreted as arising from an induced, van der Waals-like, interaction among magnetic clusters. Here we present susceptibility (χ) and specific heat data (C) for FeTiOdiluted with non-magnetic Ga, (FeGa)TiO, for disorder parameterp= 0, 0.11, and 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the use of digital health platforms, particularly for self-monitoring and diagnosis in athletes, who have faced significant disruptions to training and competition.
- There has been an increase in injuries among athletes due to changes in training regimens and extended quarantine, highlighting a need for better guidelines on managing their return to sport.
- This paper offers recommendations for utilizing wearable technology to support the rehabilitation of athletes affected by COVID-19, focusing on physiological changes and key monitoring parameters to enhance their safe return to play.
Article Synopsis
- - The Acute Care Genomics program in Australia offered whole-genome sequencing to 290 families of critically ill children over 2 years, achieving an average result time of 2.9 days and a diagnostic yield of 47%.
- - Further analysis and advanced sequencing methods led to 19 additional diagnoses, increasing the overall diagnostic yield to 54%, with various genetic issues identified.
- - Among the diagnosed patients, 77% experienced changes in critical care management, significantly influencing treatment options, surgeries, and palliative care in 60% of cases, highlighting the effectiveness of integrating advanced genomic approaches into regular diagnostic practices.
Article Synopsis
- Current clinical recommendations for young athletes with cardiovascular conditions are mainly based on expert consensus, lacking robust data on outcomes.
- The ORCCA study aims to monitor the health and decision-making of competitive athletes aged 18-35 with cardiovascular issues over a 5-year period, focusing on sports participation and psychosocial well-being.
- This research seeks to provide data that can help shape future guidelines on sports participation for athletes at risk of serious cardiovascular events.