Important radiographic features in the identification of osseous dysplasia-related osteomyelitis.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to identify radiographic features that distinguish osseous dysplasia-related osteomyelitis (OD-related OM) from OD without OM and to detect possible causes of OD-related OM.

Study Design: Seventeen OD cases with and without OM were examined on planar and volumetric (cone beam computed tomography or multidetector computed tomography) imaging. Cases were divided into 3 groups based on clinical data: symptomatic OM, incidental (asymptomatic) OM, and control (OD without OM).

Mandibular changes on panoramic imaging after head and neck radiotherapy.

Objectives: Changes to the radiographic appearance of the jaws after head and neck radiotherapy have not been thoroughly characterized. This retrospective study examines changes to the appearance of the mandible on panoramic images following intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and relates these changes to medical co-morbidities and radiation dose.

Study Design: The medical and dental charts, and panoramic images of 126 patients who received IMRT at the Princess Margaret Hospital between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2008, were analyzed independently by three observers.

The effects of voxel size on cone beam computed tomography images of the temporomandibular joints.

Objectives: This clinical study assesses the effect of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) voxel size on the ability to detect osseous changes associated with degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The effect of voxel size on perceived CBCT image quality is also evaluated.

Study Design: Twenty-two patients presenting for TMJ imaging with suspected degenerative disease were imaged with the Carestream 9000 CBCT unit, using separate right and left joint acquisitions (n = 44).

Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma: a review of the diagnostic imaging features of four jaw cases.

The purpose of this case series is to present the common features of intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma (IMC) of the jaws in plain film and CT imaging. Two oral and maxillofacial radiologists reviewed and characterized the common features of four biopsy-proven cases of IMC in the jaws in plain film and CT imaging obtained from the files of the Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. The common features are a well-defined sclerotic periphery, the presence of internal amorphous sclerotic bone and numerous small loculations, lack of septae bordering many of the loculations, and expansion and perforation of the outer cortical plate with extension into surrounding soft tissue.

Performance of titanium alloy sintered porous-surfaced (SPS) implants supporting mandibular overdentures during a 20-year prospective study.

Objective: This study was undertaken to assess short, sintered porous-surfaced (SPS), press-fit implants with mandibular overdentures to restore edentulous patients with severe mandibular resorption.

Materials And Methods: Implant lengths of 7, 8, 9, and 10 mm were used, all with 2-mm polished collars, making the designed intrabony lengths 5, 6, 7, and 8 mm. Each patient received three non-splinted implants placed using a two-stage protocol.

Central giant cell granuloma of the mandibular condyle: a case report and review of the literature.

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign intraosseous lesion. The true nature of this lesion is controversial and remains unknown; the three competing theories are that it could be a reactive lesion, a developmental anomaly or a benign neoplasm. Furthermore, the actual aetiology of CGCG is still unclear, although inflammation, haemorrhage and local trauma have all been suggested; it has also been hypothesized that CGCG may have a genetic aetiology.

Advanced Tissue Sciences Inc.: learning from the past, a case study for regenerative medicine.

On 31st March 2003 Advanced Tissue Sciences (ATS) was liquidated, with the effect that in excess of US$300 million of stakeholder financing was destroyed. Although successful in the development of breakthrough technologies in the regenerative medicine arena and the building of a substantial portfolio of patents, the company never made a profit. In this case study, ATS’ business strategy, market and competitive environment will be discussed in the context of the company’s historical development.

A retrospective analysis of referral patterns for oral radiologic consultation over 3 years in Ontario, Canada.

Objectives: To determine the types of practitioners who most commonly refer and the film type and diagnostic entities that are most frequently submitted for oral radiologic consultation in Ontario, Canada.

Study Design: A total of 430 referral letters and responses from 2 Ontario oral radiologists from 2003 to 2005 were analyzed. Data collected included the specialty of the referring practitioner, the film type(s) submitted, the radiographic density of the entity of interest, and the interpretation by the radiologist.

Gorham's disease of the maxilla: a case report.

A case of Gorham's disease in the maxilla of a 56-year-old male patient is described. The clinical presentation, radiographic and histopathological features and treatment are presented. A discussion of the current understanding of this rare disease, based on review of the literature, is offered.

The role of basic sciences in diagnostic oral radiology.

Although it is generally taken for granted that dental education must include both basic science and feature-based knowledge components, little is known about their relative roles in visual interpretation of radiographs. The objectives of this study were twofold. First, we sought to compare the educational efficacy of three learning strategies in diagnostic radiology: one that used basic scientific (pathophysiologic) information, one that used feature lists structured with an organizational tool, and one that used unstructured feature lists.

The occurrence of keratocystic odontogenic tumours in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.

Objectives: This retrospective study reviews the occurrence of keratocystic odontogenic tumours (KOTs) in nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) patients seen in the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Special Procedures Clinic in the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Toronto.

Methods: This study examines the number and radiographic features of KOTs identified in 11 NBCCS patients who presented with 43 KOTs between January 1989 and 30 June 2007 on plain film radiographs and CT.

Results: Regression analysis revealed a statistically significant (P < 0.

Use of sintered porous-surfaced dental implants to restore single teeth in the maxilla: a 7- to 9-year follow-up.

This report from a prospective study discusses the status of a group of 20 single maxillary sintered porous-surfaced (SPS) dental implants after 7 to 9 years in function restored with screw-retained crowns. Twenty patients each received a single SPS implant placed in a two-stage surgical approach; 65% replaced premolar or molar teeth, while the remainder replaced anterior teeth. Patients were examined annually.

The evolution and application of dental maxillofacial imaging modalities.

During the last decades, an exciting new array of imaging modalities, such as digital imaging, CT, MRI, positron emission tomography, and cone-beam CT (CBCT), has provided astounding new images that continually contribute to the accuracy of diagnostic tasks of the maxillofacial region. The most recent, cone-beam imaging, is gaining rapid acceptance in dentistry because it provides cross-sectional imaging that is often a valuable supplement to intraoral and panoramic radiographs. The information content in such examinations is high and the dose and costs are low.

Ultrashort sintered porous-surfaced dental implants used to replace posterior teeth.

Background: This retrospective multicenter report provides data from a case series of partially edentulous subjects treated with an ultrashort (5-mm-long) sintered porous-surfaced (SPS) dental implant.

Methods: The implant used had a tapered truncated cone shape, was 5-mm long, and had a maximal coronal diameter of 5 mm. Twenty-six implants were placed in 20 subjects to replace primarily maxillary and mandibular molar teeth.

A retrospective study assessing the incidence, risk factors and comorbidities of pamidronate-related necrosis of the jaws in multiple myeloma patients.

Background: Bone necrosis of the jaws is a newly recognized complication associated with the use of bisphosphonates. The true incidence of this complication is unknown and the pathophysiology is controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of jaw necrosis among a homogeneous population of multiple myeloma patients receiving the bisphosphonate pamidronate, to investigate risk factors and comorbidities that increase the risk and to characterize the radiographic changes on conventional dental radiographs in terms of type and frequency.

Methods of determining the relationship of the mandibular canal and third molars: a survey of Australian oral and maxillofacial surgeons.

Background: Surgical extraction of third molars is one of the most common oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures performed and may have a number of associated complications. One of these complications is inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) dysaesthesia or impairment of sensory perception (including paraesthesia and/or anaesthesia). Previous studies assume that most clinicians use various combinations of nine radiologic criteria on panoramic radiographs as indicators of the relationship and, therefore, predictors of the risk of postoperative dysaesthesia.

An assessment of crown-to-root ratios with short sintered porous-surfaced implants supporting prostheses in partially edentulous patients.

Purpose: Implant length, implant surface area, and crown-to-root (c/r) ratio and their relationship to crestal bone levels were analyzed in 2 groups of partially edentulous patients treated with sintered porous-surfaced dental implants.

Materials And Methods: One hundred ninety-nine implants were used to restore 74 partially edentulous patients with fixed prostheses. Implants were categorized according to their length ("short" versus "long") and estimated surface area ("small" versus "large").

Ten-year results of a prospective study using porous-surfaced dental implants and a mandibular overdenture.

Background: Numerous investigators have used osseointegrated dental implants as retention for mandibular overdentures, but few have reported 10-year outcomes or incorporated carefully standardized radiographs to document crestal bone loss.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use a prospective clinical trial design to assess the performance of short sintered porous-surfaced dental implants with a mandibular complete overdenture when all patients in the trial had undergone 10 years of continuous function.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-two fully edentulous patients, most with advanced alveolar ridge resorption, each received three free-standing Endopore implants (7-10 mm in length, mean length, 8.

Periapical health and treatment quality assessment of root-filled teeth in two Canadian populations.

Aim: The prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and the quality of root fillings and restorations were determined in two Canadian populations differing in avail-ability of endodontists.

Methodology: Radiographs of first-time university patients aged 25-40 years in Toronto and Saskatoon were examined for missing teeth, presence and standard of root fillings, standard of restoration, and AP according to the Periapical Index. Patients with root-filled teeth were invited for clinical examination and interview to inspect the restorations, and to reveal the providers of endodontic treatment and reasons for extractions of missing teeth.

Managing the posterior mandible of partially edentulous patients with short, porous-surfaced dental implants: early data from a clinical trial.

Forty-eight Endopore dental implants were placed in the posterior mandibles of 24 partially edentulous patients. Seventeen of these implants replaced premolar teeth, while 31 replaced molars. Only 7-mm and 9-mm implants were used, and the majority of prosthetic restorations (83%) were single crowns.

A prospective human clinical trial of Endopore dental implants in restoring the partially edentulous maxilla using fixed prostheses.

This is the first report of a group of 50 partially edentulous patients who received a total of 151 Endopore dental implants in the maxilla. A mean implant length of 8.7 mm was used, and 76.

The use of computed tomography to define zygomatic complex position.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the use of midline references and landmarks to assess the position of the zygomatic complex relative to the cranial base, and to test the reliability of these measurements in assessing facial symmetry.

Methods: Direct skull measurements were compared with measurements made on computed tomography (CT) images. The effect of CT scanner error, technologist error, gantry angle error, error of skull inclination, and error due to the presence of titanium rigid fixation hardware were assessed.