The -like Ubiquitin Conjugase Gene Has a Positive Role in the Early Cold Stress Tolerance Response of Rice.

Background/objectives: Cold stress poses a significant threat to Asian rice cultivation, disrupting important physiological processes crucial for seedling establishment and overall plant growth. It is, thus, crucial to elucidate genetic pathways involved in cold stress tolerance response mechanisms.

Methods: We mapped , a ()-type homolog of rice, to a low-temperature seedling survivability (LTSS) QTL and used genomics, molecular genetics, and physiological assays to assess its role in plant resilience against low-temperature stress.

Lycopodiaceae herb from Vietnam as a promising medicinal source of natural hupezine and novel huperzine-producing endophytic fungi.

Objectives: (1) To evaluate the potential of producing huperzine (Hup) and anticholinesterase (AChE) activities of nine native Lycopodiaceae species collected in Vietnam; (2) Isolation, identification and characterization of a novel fungus producing both HupA and HupB isolated from Lycopodium casuarinoides Spring.

Results: All methanolic extracts of nine plants showed AChE inhibition from 8.55 to 71.

The burden of headache disorders among medical students in Vietnam: estimates from a cross-sectional study with a health-care needs assessment.

Background: In our previous study, we demonstrated that headaches are highly prevalent among medical students in Vietnam. In the present study, we provide estimates of the associated symptom burden and impaired participation, utilizing these estimates to assess headache-related healthcare needs within this population.

Methods: The study followed the standardized methodology established by the Global Campaign against Headache.

Host-microbe multiomic profiling identifies distinct COVID-19 immune dysregulation in solid organ transplant recipients.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses significant risks for solid organ transplant recipients, who have atypical but poorly characterized immune responses to infection. We aim to understand the host immunologic and microbial features of COVID-19 in transplant recipients by leveraging a prospective multicenter cohort of 86 transplant recipients age- and sex-matched with 172 non-transplant controls. We find that transplant recipients have higher nasal SARS-CoV-2 viral abundance and impaired viral clearance, and lower anti-spike IgG levels.

Reactivity of a heterobinuclear heme-peroxo-Cu complex with -substituted catechols shows a p -dependent change in mechanism.

In biological systems, heme-copper oxidase (HCO) enzymes play a crucial role in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), where the pivotal O-O bond cleavage of the (heme)Fe-peroxo-Cu intermediate is facilitated by active-site (peroxo core) hydrogen bonding followed by proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from a nearby (phenolic) tyrosine residue. A useful approach to comprehend the fundamental relationships among H-bonding/proton/H-atom donors and their abilities to induce O-O bond homolysis involves the investigation of synthetic, bioinspired model systems where the exogenous substrate properties (such as p and bond dissociation energy (BDE)) can be systematically altered. This report details the reactivity of a heme-peroxo-copper HCO model complex (LS-4DCHIm) toward a series of substituted catechol substrates that span a range of p and O-H bond BDE values, exhibiting different reaction mechanisms.

Flexible Mechanical Sensors for Plant Growth Monitoring: An Emerging Area for Smart Agriculture.

The last decade has seen significant progress in the development of flexible electronics and sensors, particularly for display technologies and healthcare applications. Advancements in scalable manufacturing, miniaturization, and integration have further extended the use of this new class of devices to smart agriculture, where multimodal sensors can be seamlessly attached to plants for continuous and remote monitoring. Among the various types of sensing devices for agriculture, flexible mechanical sensors have emerged as promising candidates for monitoring vital parameters, including growth rates and water flow, providing a new avenue for understanding plant health and growth under varied environmental conditions.

Ready-to-load MHC-I Nanoparticles for High-throughput T cell Screening Studies.

MHC-I proteins present epitopic peptides to CD8+ T cells to elicit multifaceted adaptive immune responses. The affinity and avidity of interactions between peptide-MHC molecules and T-cell receptors (TCR) are fundamental parameters that contribute to the induction of activated or anergic T cell states. Here, we present a loadable system, VLP-Open HLA, featuring a virus-like particle (VLP) that can accommodate up to 60 loadable HLA (HLA - human leukocyte antigen) molecules.

Flexible Electrode Arrays Based on a Wide Bandgap Semiconductors for Chronic Implantable Multiplexed Sensing and Heart Pacemakers.

Implantable systems with chronic stability, high sensing performance, and extensive spatial-temporal resolution are a growing focus for monitoring and treating several diseases such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, chronic pain, and cardiac arrhythmias. These systems demand exceptional bendability, scalable size, durable electrode materials, and well-encapsulated metal interconnects. However, existing chronic implantable bioelectronic systems largely rely on materials prone to corrosion in biofluids, such as silicon nanomembranes or metals.

A systematic review on ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of R. Br. (Boraginaceae), a medicinal plant.

For the first time, critical review on R. Br. (Boraginaceae) is established.

Development of a Self-Deploying Extra-Aortic Compression Device for Medium-Term Hemodynamic Stabilization: A Feasibility Study.

Hemodynamic stabilization is crucial in managing acute cardiac events, where compromised blood flow can lead to severe complications and increased mortality. Conditions like decompensated heart failure (HF) and cardiogenic shock require rapid and effective hemodynamic support. Current mechanical assistive devices, such as intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), offer temporary stabilization but are limited to short-term use due to risks associated with prolonged blood contact.

Anticipated facilitators and barriers for long-acting injectable antiretrovirals as HIV treatment and prevention in Vietnam: a qualitative study among healthcare workers.

Background: Long-acting injectable antiretrovirals (LAI-ARVs) for HIV prevention and treatment have been demonstrated in clinical trials to be non-inferior to daily oral medications, providing an additional option to help users overcome the challenges of daily adherence. Approval and implementation of these regimens in low- and middle-income settings have been limited.

Method: This study describes the anticipated barriers and facilitators to implementing LAI-ARVs in Vietnam to inform future roll-out.

Large Fibrovascular Polyp at the Lesser Curvature of the Stomach: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Fibrovascular polyps are rare, pedunculated, tumor-like lesions usually found in the esophagus. Their occurrence in the stomach is exceedingly rare. In the literature review, several case reports documented fibrovascular polyps developing in the stomach.

Targeting peptide antigens using a multiallelic MHC I-binding system.

Identifying highly specific T cell receptors (TCRs) or antibodies against epitopic peptides presented by class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) proteins remains a bottleneck in the development of targeted therapeutics. Here, we introduce targeted recognition of antigen-MHC complex reporter for MHC I (TRACeR-I), a generalizable platform for targeting peptides on polymorphic HLA-A*, HLA-B* and HLA-C* allotypes while overcoming the cross-reactivity challenges of TCRs. Our TRACeR-MHC I co-crystal structure reveals a unique antigen recognition mechanism, with TRACeR forming extensive contacts across the entire peptide length to confer single-residue specificity at the accessible positions.

Advancement of life and death education research: recommending implementation of the Life + Death Education Framework for teaching and research purposes.

and is a distinct field of study that has potential practicality and life relevance for us to consider. For example, one notable inquiry pertaining to life education teaching entails appreciation and theoretical understanding of quality life functioning (e.g.

Fast ground-to-air transition with avian-inspired multifunctional legs.

Most birds can navigate seamlessly between aerial and terrestrial environments. Whereas the forelimbs evolved into wings primarily for flight, the hindlimbs serve diverse functions such as walking, hopping and leaping, and jumping take-off for transitions into flight. These capabilities have inspired engineers to aim for similar multimodality in aerial robots, expanding their range of applications across diverse environments.

Repeat-induced point mutations driving Parastagonospora nodorum genomic diversity are balanced by selection against non-synonymous mutations.

Parastagonospora nodorum is necrotrophic fungal pathogen of wheat with significant genomic resources. Population-level pangenome data for 173 isolates, of which 156 were from Western Australia (WA) and 17 were international, were examined for overall genomic diversity and effector gene content. A heterothallic core population occurred across all regions of WA, with asexually-reproducing clonal clusters in dryer northern regions.

Evaluation of a compact cone beam CT concept with high image fidelity for point-of-care brain imaging.

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has potential advantages for developing portable, cost-effective point-of-care CT systems for intracranial imaging, such as early stroke diagnosis, hemorrhage detection, and intraoperative navigation. However, large volume imaging with flat panel detector based CBCT significantly increases the scattered radiation fluence which reduces its image quality and utility. To address these issues, a compact CBCT concept with enhanced image quality was investigated for intracranial imaging.

Challenges faced by teachers in teaching History and Geography in secondary schools-Dataset from Vietnam.

The article summarizes a dataset that highlights teachers' perspectives on issues related the implementation of History and Geography curriculum in Vietnamese secondary schools. It particularly emphasizes the challenges faced by teachers during the initial years of the integrated curriculum implementation. Six key aspects pertaining to the History and Geography curriculum implementation addressed are: (1) teachers' specialized knowledge in their field of instruction, (2) teachers' perceptions of the History and Geography curriculum, (3) the current status of History and Geography teaching assignments in schools, (4) the challenges faced by teachers, (5) factors that cause challenges for teachers, and (6) teachers' expectations for effective History and Geography curriculum implementation.

Semi-supervised learning with pseudo-labeling compares favorably with large language models for regulatory sequence prediction.

Predicting molecular processes using deep learning is a promising approach to provide biological insights for non-coding single nucleotide polymorphisms identified in genome-wide association studies. However, most deep learning methods rely on supervised learning, which requires DNA sequences associated with functional data, and whose amount is severely limited by the finite size of the human genome. Conversely, the amount of mammalian DNA sequences is growing exponentially due to ongoing large-scale sequencing projects, but in most cases without functional data.