Practical Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridines on Heterogeneous Sulfonicmodified Silica (SBA-15-SOH) Catalyst Under Mild Condition.

Aims: Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridines (1,4-DHP) using heterogeneous catalyst under mild condition.

Objective: Our objective is to explore new applications of non-metal heterogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of 1,4-DHP derivatives in a greener and more efficient approach.

Methods: A greener and more efficient method for the synthesis of 1,4-DHPs and an asymmetric 1,4-DHP (Felodipine drug) was successfully developed in high yields using a heterogeneous SBA- 15-SOH catalyst.

Straightforward procedure for laboratory production of DNA ladder.

DNA ladder is commonly used to determine the size of DNA fragments by electrophoresis in routine molecular biology laboratories. In this study, we report a new procedure to prepare a DNA ladder that consists of 10 fragments from 100 to 1000 bp. This protocol is a combination of routinely employed methods: cloning, PCR, and partial digestion with restriction enzymes.