Discovery and engineering of the antibody response to a prominent skin commensal.

The ubiquitous skin colonist Staphylococcus epidermidis elicits a CD8 T cell response pre-emptively, in the absence of an infection. However, the scope and purpose of this anti-commensal immune program are not well defined, limiting our ability to harness it therapeutically. Here, we show that this colonist also induces a potent, durable, and specific antibody response that is conserved in humans and non-human primates.

Yield-limiting nutrient response of lowbush blueberry grown in recent and ancient alluvial soils of the Mekong Delta.

Background: Blueberries are ornamental plants grown in pots in many yards in the Mekong Delta (MD) region. In this region, the recent alluvial (RA) soil is fertile and ancient alluvial (AA) soil is considered degraded because it only has around a quarter of the nutrient content of the RA soil. Both soils have a high clay content, so organic matter is needed to improve their physical condition.

Discovery and engineering of the antibody response against a prominent skin commensal.

The ubiquitous skin colonist elicits a CD8 T cell response pre-emptively, in the absence of an infection . However, the scope and purpose of this anti-commensal immune program are not well defined, limiting our ability to harness it therapeutically. Here, we show that this colonist also induces a potent, durable, and specific antibody response that is conserved in humans and non-human primates.

Towards a Standardized Approach for the Geographical Traceability of Plant Foods Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA).

This paper presents a systematic literature review focused on the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) combined with PCA, a multivariate technique, for determining the geographical origin of plant foods. Recent studies selected and applied the ICP-MS analytical method and PCA in plant food geographical traceability. The collected results from many previous studies indicate that ICP-MS with PCA is a useful tool and is widely used for authenticating and certifying the geographic origin of plant food.

Draft genomes and descriptions of Urmitella timonensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Marasmitruncus massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from severely malnourished African children using culturomics.

Two strains, designated as Marseille-P2918 and Marseille-P3646, were isolated from a 14-week-old Senegalese girl using culturomics: Urmitella timonensis strain Marseille-P2918 (= CSUR P2918, = DSM 103634) and Marasmitruncus massiliensis strain Marseille-P3646 (= CSUR P3646, = CCUG72353). Both strains were rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore forming motile bacteria. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains Marseille-P2918 (LT598554) and Marseille-P3646 (LT725660) shared 93.

Weizmannia faecalis sp. nov., isolated from a human stool sample.

Using the culturomics approach, the previously unknown strain Marseille-P8953, was isolated and classified within the Weizmannia genus. Strain Marseille-P8953 was isolated from the faeces of a healthy subject and consisted of Gram-stain positive, spore-forming, motile rod-shaped cells. A 99.

Molecular analysis reveals a distinct subgenogroup of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in northern Vietnam in 2018-2019.

The spike protein (S) of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), in particular, the C-terminal domain of the S1 subunit (S1-CTD), which contains the conserved CO-26K-equivalent (COE) region (aa 499-638), which is recognized by neutralizing antibodies, exhibits a high degree of genetic and antigenic diversity. We analyzed 61 PEDV S1-CTD sequences (630 nt), including 26 from samples collected from seven provinces in northern Vietnam from 2018 to 2019 and 35 other sequences, representing the G1a and 1b, G2a and 2b, and recombinant (G1c) genotypes and vaccines. The majority (73.

Molecular genotypic analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 reveals the predominance of PCV2d in Vietnam (2018-2020) and the association between PCV2h, the recombinant forms, and Vietnamese vaccines.

We conducted nucleotide and amino acid sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of porcine circovirus ORF2 (Cap protein) from 17 PCV2-positive clinical samples from nine different northern Vietnamese provinces (Mar 2018-Nov 2020), four local vaccines, and 77 reference strains. We identified one PCV2a (1/17 = 5.9%), five PCV2b (5/17 = 29.

Konateibacter massiliensis gen. nov. sp. nov. and Paenibacillus faecalis sp. nov., Two New Species Isolated from the Stool Samples of Infants Suffering from Marasmus.

Two bacterial strains were isolated and identified using microbial culturomics and characterised according to the taxono-genomics strategy. The strictly anaerobic strain, Marseille-P3773, forms smooth and translucent colonies consisting of Gram-stain negative, non-motile and non-spore-forming rod-shaped cells. Strain Marseille-P3787 consists of Gram-stain positive, motile and spore-forming cells resulting in grey and translucent colonies.

The characterization of tocols in different plants parts of six Japanese rice cultivars relating to their UVB-sensitivity.

There has been significant interest in the photosensitivity, or photo-resistance, of Japanese rice cultivars, which synthesize tocols (Vitamin E), a class of phytochemicals including tocol derivatives tocopherol (T) and tocotrienol (T3). In the present study, the distribution of tocols in the leaves, seeds, stems, and roots of six Japanese rice cultivars was investigated. The relationship between the different tocols in cultivars and their ultraviolet B sensitivity index (USB-SI) was analyzed.

Difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus: Comparative meta-analysis of pathogenic characteristics and implications for treatment.

Kwashiorkor and marasmus are two clinical syndromes observed in severe acute malnutrition. In this review, we highlighted the differences between these two syndromes by reviewing the data comparing kwashiorkor and marasmus in literature, combined with recent microbiological findings and meta-analysis. Depletion of antioxidants, vitamins and minerals were more severe in kwashiorkor than marasmus.

Alcohol pretreatment of stools effect on culturomics.

Recent studies have used ethanol stool disinfection as a mean of promoting valuable species' cultivation in bacteriotherapy trials for Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) treatment with a particular focus on sporulating bacteria. Moreover, the culturomic approach has considerably enriched the repertoire of cultivable organisms in the human gut in recent years. This study aimed to apply this culturomic approach on fecal donor samples treated with ethanol disinfection to evidence potential beneficial microbes that could be used in bacteriotherapy trials for the treatment of CDI.

sp. nov. a multi-drug resistant bacterium infecting humans.

We describe a new multidrug resistant species that was isolated from patients with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam. Strain BD 01 was cultivated in 2017 from a blood sample of a patient suffering from bacteremia. Strain VP 7442 was isolated in 2018 from a pleural fluid sample of a patient who had presented with lung abscess and pleural effusion.

Metagenomic and culturomic analysis of gut microbiota dysbiosis during Clostridium difficile infection.

Recently, cocktail of bacteria were proposed in order to treat Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), but these bacteriotherapies were selected more by chance than experimentation. We propose to comprehensively explore the gut microbiota of patients with CDI compared to healthy donors in order to propose a consortium of bacteria for treating C. difficile.

Gut Microbiota Alteration is Characterized by a Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria Bloom in Kwashiorkor and a Bacteroidetes Paucity in Marasmus.

Kwashiorkor and marasmus are considered to be two different clinical diseases resulting from severe malnutrition, but this distinction has been questioned. In a previous study comparing children with kwashiorkor and healthy children from Niger and Senegal, we found a dramatic gut microbiota alteration with a predominant depletion of anaerobes and enrichment in Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria in kwashiorkor. However, it remained unknown whether this association was related to malnutrition or was a specific feature of kwashiorkor.

Immunogenicity of the AIK-C measles vaccine in infants aged <9 months in Vietnam.

Measles-associated deaths have been reported in infants <9 months during outbreaks. A cohort study was conducted on 210 infants aged 6-8 months to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the AIK-C measles vaccine containing 10 plaque-forming units (PFU)/0.5 mL produced in Vietnam.

Protective effects of mangiferin in subchronic developmental lead-exposed rats.

Lead is a ubiquitous environmental and industrial pollutant. Exposure to excessive amounts of lead is especially harmful to the central nervous systems of infants and young children, and oxidative stress has been reported as a major mechanism of lead-induced toxicity. To evaluate the ameliorative potential of antioxidant mangiferin (MGN) on lead-induced toxicity, Morris water maze test, determination of blood and bone lead concentration, determination of antioxidant status in plasma, as well as observation of ultrastructural changes in the hippocampus were carried out.