Global Neurosurgery in the Context of Global Public Health Practice-A Literature Review of Case Studies.

Neurosurgical conditions are a substantial contributor to surgical burden worldwide, with low- and middle-income countries carrying a disproportionately large part. Policy initiatives such as the National Surgical, Obstetrics and Anesthesia Plans and Comprehensive Policy Recommendations for the Management of Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus in Low-and-Middle-Income countries have highlighted the need for an intersectoral approach, not just at the hospital level but on a large scale encompassing national public health strategies. This article aims to show through case studies how addressing this surgical burden is not limited to the clinical context but extends to public health strategies as well.

Diversity in Neurosurgery: Trends in Gender and Racial/Ethnic Representation Among Applicants and Residents from U.S. Neurological Surgery Residency Programs.

Objective: To assess trends in gender, racial, and ethnic diversity of applicant pools and subsequent resident cohorts in neurosurgical residency programs in the United States.

Methods: Applicant and residency data from 2009 to 2018 were analyzed from the Electronic Residency Application Service, Journal of the American Medical Association, and National Resident Matching Program to evaluate trends in diversity.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference between applicant sex from 2009 to 2013 compared with 2014 to 2018 (P > 0.