[Female urethral diverticulum with calculus formation imitating stress incontinence].

A female urethral diverticulum (UD) is a rare condition with a prevalence of 0.6 - 4.7 %.

How to Perform Image-guided Prostate Biopsy: In-bore and Fusion Approaches.

The integration of magnetic resonance imaging into urologic routine may be highly beneficial and change our standards for prostate cancer treatment.

Renal function following xenon anesthesia for partial nephrectomy-An explorative analysis of a randomized controlled study.

Background: Perioperative preservation of renal function has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality in kidney surgery. Nephroprotective effects of the anesthetic xenon on ischemia-reperfusion injury were found in several experimental studies.

Objective: We aimed to explore whether xenon anesthesia can reduce renal damage in humans undergoing partial nephrectomy and to gather pilot data of possible nephroprotection in these patients.

Phase 2 study evaluating the combination of sorafenib and temsirolimus in the treatment of radioactive iodine-refractory thyroid cancer.

Background: Patients with recurrent and/or metastatic, radioactive iodine-refractory thyroid carcinoma have limited treatment options. Sorafenib, an oral kinase inhibitor, is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of radioactive iodine-refractory thyroid carcinoma, although it demonstrated low response rates (12.2%) as a single agent in the first-line setting.

Peers without fears? Barriers to effective communication among primary care physicians and oncologists about diagnostic delays in cancer.

Objective: Relatively little attention has been devoted to the role of communication between physicians as a mechanism for individual and organisational learning about diagnostic delays. This study's objective was to elicit physicians' perceptions about and experiences with communication among physicians regarding diagnostic delays in cancer.

Design, Setting, Participants: Qualitative analysis based on seven focus groups.

NCCN Guidelines Insights: Head and Neck Cancers, Version 2.2017.

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Head and Neck Cancers provide treatment recommendations for cancers of the lip, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, ethmoid and maxillary sinuses, and salivary glands. Recommendations are also provided for occult primary of the head and neck (H&N), and separate algorithms have been developed by the panel for very advanced H&N cancers. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel's discussion and most recent recommendations regarding the increase in human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal cancer and the availability of immunotherapy agents for treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic H&N cancer.

Variation in use of postoperative chemoradiation following surgery for T1 and T2 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; National Cancer Database.

Background And Objectives: Primary surgical treatment of patients with early T-classification (T1-T2) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased. We sought to determine how often these patients receive postoperative chemoradiation (CRT).

Methods: Patients with T1-T2 OPSCC in the National Cancer Database who underwent primary surgery were evaluated for receipt of postoperative CRT.

Opportunities and Challenges: Human Papillomavirus and Cancer.

Mucosal exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV) can lead to anogenital and head and neck (H&N) cancer. Vaccination at a young age can be almost 100% effective in preventing HPV infection with the viral subtypes in both men and women, at least for disease in the anogenital tract. Therapeutic strategies targeting HPV in cervical dysplasia and cancer are showing promise as well in regressing dysplasia and controlling disease.

Predictive Factors for Developing Venous Thrombosis during Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Testicular Cancer.

Background: Malignancies and cisplatin-based chemotherapy are both known to correlate with a high risk of venous thrombotic events (VTT). In testicular cancer, the information regarding the incidence and reason of VTT in patients undergoing cisplatin-based chemotherapy is still discussed controversially. Moreover, no risk factors for developing a VTT during cisplatin-based chemotherapy have been elucidated so far.

Frequent IDH2 R172 mutations in undifferentiated and poorly-differentiated sinonasal carcinomas.

Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is a high-grade malignancy with limited treatment options and poor outcome. A morphological spectrum of 47 sinonasal tumours including 17 (36.2%) SNUCs was analysed at genomic level.

[When is surgical resection of metastases in testicular germ cell tumors indicated and is there a scientific basis?].

Surgical resection of metastases represents an integral part of curative management in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (GCT). Primary nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (nsRPLND) for low volume metastases in clinical stages I-IIB has to be differentiated from the more complex and more extensive postchemotherapeutic procedures. In Europe, primary nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (nsRPLND) for clinical stage I nonseminomatous GCT (NSGCT) plays a subordinate.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Device Application of Antimony-Substituted Violet Phosphorus: A Layered Material.

Two-dimensional (2D) nanoflakes have emerged as a class of materials that may impact electronic technologies in the near future. A challenging but rewarding work is to experimentally identify 2D materials and explore their properties. Here, we report the synthesis of a layered material, PSb, with a systematic study on characterizations and device applications.

Pembrolizumab for Platinum- and Cetuximab-Refractory Head and Neck Cancer: Results From a Single-Arm, Phase II Study.

Purpose There are no approved treatments for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma refractory to platinum and cetuximab. In the single-arm, phase II KEYNOTE-055 study, we evaluated pembrolizumab, an anti-programmed death 1 receptor antibody, in this platinum- and cetuximab-pretreated population with poor prognosis. Methods Eligibility stipulated disease progression within 6 months of platinum and cetuximab treatment.

Designing affinity chromatographic processes for the capture of antibodies. Part I: A simplified approach.

Protein A affinity chromatography is a standard technique for the purification of therapeutic antibodies. Recently, multi-column chromatographic processes have emerged to turn classical capture processes into more efficient and continuous systems. The design of such chromatographic processes, be they single-column or multi-column systems, is described in this work.

HIV-Associated Urogenital Malignancies.

Non-AIDS-defining malignancies (NADM) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for HIV-infected subjects. The risk of testicular germ cell cancer (GCC) and renal cell cancer is slightly increased in the setting of HIV, whereas there is a slightly decreased risk of prostate cancer and bladder cancer. As in industrialized countries the majority of people living with HIV are men, and people aged 55 and older now account for more than a quarter of persons living with HIV, both testis and prostate cancer are assumed to occur with increased frequency in HIV-infected subjects.

Parasites of parasites of bats: Laboulbeniales (Fungi: Ascomycota) on bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) in central Europe.

Background: Bat flies (Streblidae and Nycteribiidae) are among the most specialized families of the order Diptera. Members of these two related families have an obligate ectoparasitic lifestyle on bats, and they are known disease vectors for their hosts. However, bat flies have their own ectoparasites: fungi of the order Laboulbeniales.

A molecular and morphological re-examination of the generic limits of truffles in the tarzetta-geopyxis lineage - Densocarpa, Hydnocystis, and Paurocotylis.

Truffle species within the /tarzetta-geopyxis lineage share smooth, globose, hyaline spores, but differ in the amount of convolution of hymenia in ascomata. The relationships among truffle species in this lineage have historically been confused. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and 28S nuclear ribosomal DNA from recently collected members of the /tarzetta-geopyxis lineage from Asia, Austral Asia, North America, and South America prompted a reinvestigation of species and generic limits in the truffle genera Hydnocystis, Paurocotylis, and Stephensia.

Performance of a Trigger Tool for Identifying Adverse Events in Oncology.

Purpose: Although patient safety is a priority in oncology, few tools measure adverse events (AEs) beyond treatment-related toxicities. The study objective was to assemble a set of clinical triggers in the medical record and assess the extent to which triggered events identified AEs.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study to assess the performance of an oncology medical record screening tool at a comprehensive cancer center.

Somatostatin receptor expression related to TP53 and RB1 alterations in pancreatic and extrapancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with a Ki67-index above 20.

Somatostatin receptor 2A expression is a feature of well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms and is important for their diagnosis and therapy. Little is known about somatostatin receptor 2A expression in poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms in relation to TP53 and RB1 status and how these features may contribute to the separation of well from poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms with a proliferation index above 20%. This study investigates the expression of somatostatin receptors, p53 and Rb1, and TP53 alterations in pancreatic and extrapancreatic well and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (Ki67-index >20%).

Competing sexual-asexual generic names of and recommendations for use.

Following the change that eliminated dual naming of sexual and asexual morphs of fungi, generic names of have been evaluated to determine which of the competing names should be recommended for use. Evaluation is based on congruence of type species to determine if the names are congeneric and which name is most commonly cited as well as priority. In the six pairs of generic names were determined to compete.

[Second neoplasms after percutaneous radiotherapy].

Radiation therapy represents an alternative treatment to radical prostatectomy in the management of clinically localized prostate cancer. Radiation-induced second neoplasms are defined by a latency period of at least 5 years, location within the field of radiation therapy, and a histology which differs from the primary tumor. Based on the data in the literature, there is a consistently increased risk of bladder cancer (HR: 1.

Surgical management of complex residual masses following systemic chemotherapy for metastatic testicular germ cell tumours.

Background: Post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (PC-RPLND) represents the treatment of choice in patients with residual masses following chemotherapy for metastatic germ cell tumours. Involvement of major retroperitoneal vessels or thoracic/lumbar spine is rare and challenging but needs complete resection for curative intent. We report on our experience in the management of such complex cases.

The role of salvage extended lymph node dissection in patients with rising PSA and PET/CT scan detected nodal recurrence of prostate cancer.

Background: Non-prostatic bed recurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) is usually treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We analyzed the impact of salvage extended lymph node dissection (sLND) on cancer control in patients with rising PSA and lymph node (LN) metastases.

Methods: Between 2009 and 2016 we performed sLND in 87 patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) and positive LNs on FEC and Ga-PSMA positron emission tomography/X-ray computer tomography (PET/CT) after primary treatment (PT) of PCa.