Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Resection of Localized Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Following Preoperative FOLFIRINOX.

Importance: The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy following resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma after preoperative (m)FOLFIRINOX (combination leucovorin calcium [folinic acid], fluorouracil, irinotecan hydrochloride, and oxaliplatin in full or modified dosing) chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) is unclear because current studies do not account for the number of cycles of preoperative chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.

Objective: To investigate the association of adjuvant chemotherapy following resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma after preoperative (m)FOLFIRINOX with OS, taking into account the number of cycles of preoperative chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy regimen.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study included patients with localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with 2 to 11 cycles of preoperative (m)FOLFIRINOX followed by resection across 48 centers in 20 countries from 2010 to 2018.

Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab in Stage I-III Deficient Mismatch Repair Colon Cancer: A Clinical Trial.

Objective: This clinical trial investigated the safety and efficacy of single-cycle pembrolizumab in patients with localized deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) colon cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has induced remarkable rates of pathological complete response in patients with dMMR colon cancer. However, the optimal length and type of treatment are yet to be determined.

Development, Implementation, and Evaluation Methods for Dashboards in Health Care: Scoping Review.

Background: Dashboards have become ubiquitous in health care settings, but to achieve their goals, they must be developed, implemented, and evaluated using methods that help ensure they meet the needs of end users and are suited to the barriers and facilitators of the local context.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to explore published literature on health care dashboards to characterize the methods used to identify factors affecting uptake, strategies used to increase dashboard uptake, and evaluation methods, as well as dashboard characteristics and context.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception through July 2020.

Heterogeneity in 10-year course trajectories of moderate to severe major depressive disorder among veterans.

Aims: Epidemiological studies show that despite the episodic nature, the long-term trajectory of depression can be variable. This study evaluated the heterogeneity of 10-year trajectory of major depressive disorder (MDD) related service utilization and associated clinical characteristics among US Veterans with a first diagnosis after 9/11.

Methods: Using a cohort design, electronic health record data for 293,265 Operation Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) Veterans were extracted to identify those with MDD between 2001 and 2021 with a full preceding year of clinical data and 10 years following the diagnosis.

Multicentre frozen elephant trunk technique experience as redo surgery to treat residual type A aortic dissections following ascending aortic replacement.

Objectives: The goal of this project was to assess the efficacy of a reoperative frozen elephant trunk (FET) operation for treating residual type A aortic dissections.

Methods: Between April 2015 and October 2023, a total of 237 patients underwent elective redo surgical aortic arch replacement via the FET technique to treat residual type A aortic dissection in 11 European aortic centres. Data were pooled and analysed retrospectively.

Cryo-EM structure of a lysozyme-derived amyloid fibril from hereditary amyloidosis.

Systemic ALys amyloidosis is a debilitating protein misfolding disease that arises from the formation of amyloid fibrils from C-type lysozyme. We here present a 2.8 Å cryo-electron microscopy structure of an amyloid fibril, which was isolated from the abdominal fat tissue of a patient who expressed the D87G variant of human lysozyme.

Mutational profiling of 103 unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas using EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy.

Background And Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal cancers, with a 5-year survival rate of around 9%. Only 20% are candidates for surgery. Most unresectable patients undergo EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) for diagnosis.

Assessing the Performance of Models from the 2022 RSNA Cervical Spine Fracture Detection Competition at a Level I Trauma Center.

Purpose To evaluate the performance of the top models from the RSNA 2022 Cervical Spine Fracture Detection challenge on a clinical test dataset of both noncontrast and contrast-enhanced CT scans acquired at a level I trauma center. Materials and Methods Seven top-performing models in the RSNA 2022 Cervical Spine Fracture Detection challenge were retrospectively evaluated on a clinical test set of 1828 CT scans (from 1829 series: 130 positive for fracture, 1699 negative for fracture; 1308 noncontrast, 521 contrast enhanced) from 1779 patients (mean age, 55.8 years ± 22.

Association between Geriatric 8 frailty and health-related quality of life in older patients with cancer (PROGNOSIS-G8): a Danish single-centre, prospective cohort study.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is highly valued among older adults with cancer. The Geriatric 8 screening tool identifies individuals with frailty, but its association with HRQoL remains sparsely investigated. Herein, we evaluate whether Geriatric 8 frailty is associated with short-term and long-term HRQoL in older patients with cancer.

The Effect of Obesity on Short- and Long-Term Outcome after Surgical Treatment for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.

Background: A paradox of lower morbidity and mortality in overweight or obese patients undergoing cardiac surgery has been described; however, knowledge about the influence of obesity in patients with acute Type A aortic dissection (AAD) is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of obesity on short- and long-term outcomes after surgical treatment for AAD.

Methods: Between 01/2004 and 12/2022, 912 patients with a BMI of 18.

Metabolic RNA labeling in non-engineered cells following spontaneous uptake of fluorescent nucleoside phosphate analogues.

RNA and its building blocks play central roles in biology and have become increasingly important as therapeutic agents and targets. Hence, probing and understanding their dynamics in cells is important. Fluorescence microscopy offers live-cell spatiotemporal monitoring but requires labels.

Emergent Surgical Replacement of a Tendyne Prosthesis for Bioprosthetic Valve Thrombosis.

A 66-year-old woman with a complex medical history underwent transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVI) owing to mitral insufficiency. Risk factors and noncompliance led to bioprosthetic valve thrombosis (BPVT) within 3 years. Emergent surgery indicated by an ad hoc heart team successfully managed the situation, showcasing challenges in BPVT management after TMVI.

Prediction of overall survival in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer using longitudinal diffusion-weighted MRI.

Background And Purpose: Biomarkers for prediction of outcome in patients with pancreatic cancer are wanted in order to personalize the treatment. This study investigated the value of longitudinal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) for prediction of overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Materials And Methods: The study included 45 patients with LAPC who received 5 fractions of 10 Gy on a 1.

Effect of comprehensive geriatric assessment on hospitalizations in older adults with frailty initiating curatively intended oncologic treatment: The PROGNOSIS-RCT study.

Introduction: Frailty constitutes a risk for unplanned hospitalizations in older adults with cancer. This study examines whether comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) as an add-on to standard oncologic care can prevent unplanned hospitalizations in older adults with frailty and cancer who initiate curative oncological treatment.

Materials And Methods: This randomized controlled trial included older adults aged ≥70 with frailty (Geriatric 8 [G8] ≤14), and solid cancers who initiated curative oncological treatment.

Generalized anxiety disorder screening scores are associated with greater treatment need among Veterans with depression.

Comorbid anxiety and depression predict a poorer prognosis than either disorder occurring alone. It is unclear whether self-reported anxiety symptom scores identify patients with depression in need of more intensive mental health services. This study evaluated how anxiety symptoms predicted treatment receipt and outcomes among patients with new depression diagnoses in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

RNA expression profiling of peritoneal metastasis from pancreatic cancer treated with Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC).

Objectives: Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an experimental treatment option in peritoneal metastasis from pancreatic cancer (PM-PC). Aims were to examine mRNA profile of fibrosis due to response after systemic chemotherapy and PIPAC (Regression) compared to treatment-naïve PM-PC and chronic cholecystitis-related peritoneal fibrosis (Controls).

Methods: Peritoneal biopsies (PBs) from PM-PC patients who had undergone systemic chemotherapy and PIPAC were evaluated with Peritoneal Regression Grading Score (PRGS).

Light chain mutations contribute to defining the fibril morphology in systemic AL amyloidosis.

Systemic AL amyloidosis is one of the most frequently diagnosed forms of systemic amyloidosis. It arises from mutational changes in immunoglobulin light chains. To explore whether these mutations may affect the structure of the formed fibrils, we determine and compare the fibril structures from several patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis.