The Implementation of CDC COVID-19 Recommendations for Testing, Isolation, Quarantine and Movement at Emergency Intake Sites of Unaccompanied Children in the United States, April 1-May 31, 2021.

In March 2021, Emergency Intake Sites (EIS) were created to address capacity shortfalls during a surge of Unaccompanied Children at the Mexico-United States land border. The COVID-19 Zone Plan (ZP) was developed to decrease COVID-19 transmission. COVID-19 cumulative percent (%) positivity was analyzed to evaluate the impact of the ZP, venue type and bed capacity across EIS from April 1-May 31, 2021.

Health of Asylees Compared to Refugees in the United States Using Domestic Medical Examination Data, 2014-2016: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background: Between 2008 and 2018, persons granted asylum (asylees) increased by 168% in the United States. Asylees are eligible for many of the same domestic benefits as refugees under the US Refugee Admissions Program (USRAP), including health-related benefits such as the domestic medical examination. However, little is known about the health of asylees to guide clinical practice.

Addition of chemotherapy to local therapy in women aged 70 years or older with triple-negative breast cancer: a propensity-matched analysis.

Background: There is a scarcity of data exploring the benefits of adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer in older women. We aimed to explore the effect of adding chemotherapy to local therapy on overall survival in older women with triple-negative breast cancer.

Methods: For this propensity-matched analysis, we used data from the National Cancer Database, a joint project of the Commission on Cancer of the American College of Surgeons and the American Cancer Society.

Adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in women aged 70 years and older with triple-negative breast cancer: a Swedish population-based propensity score-matched analysis.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer associated with poor survival, in which adjuvant systemic treatments are limited to chemotherapy. Due to competing mortality risks and comorbidities, older patients with TNBC are often undertreated with adjuvant chemotherapy, and clinical trials on this problem are scarce, despite a growing patient population. This study aimed to assess outcomes for patients aged 70 years and older with TNBC with or without chemotherapy in a national population-based registry, to provide information that can assist in treatment decisions for these patients.

Health screenings administered during the domestic medical examination of refugees and other eligible immigrants in nine US states, 2014-2016: A cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Refugees and other select visa holders are recommended to receive a domestic medical examination within 90 days after arrival to the United States. Limited data have been published on the coverage of screenings offered during this examination across multiple resettlement states, preventing evaluation of this voluntary program's potential impact on postarrival refugee health. This analysis sought to calculate and compare screening proportions among refugees and other eligible populations to assess the domestic medical examination's impact on screening coverage resulting from this examination.

Health of Special Immigrant Visa holders from Iraq and Afghanistan after arrival into the United States using Domestic Medical Examination data, 2014-2016: A cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Since 2008, the United States has issued between 2,000 and 19,000 Special Immigrant Visas (SIV) annually, with the majority issued to applicants from Iraq and Afghanistan. SIV holders (SIVH) are applicants who were employed by, or on behalf of, the US government or the US military. There is limited information about health conditions in SIV populations to help guide US clinicians caring for SIVH.

Blood Lead Levels Among Resettled Refugee Children in Select US States, 2010-2014.

Background: Elevated blood lead levels (EBLLs; ≥5 µg/dL) are more prevalent among refugee children resettled in the United States than the general US population and contribute to permanent health and neurodevelopmental problems. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends screening of refugee children aged 6 months to 16 years on arrival in the United States and retesting those aged 6 months to 6 years between 3- and 6-months postarrival.

Methods: We analyzed EBLL prevalence among refugee children aged 6 months to 16 years who received a domestic refugee medical examination between January 1, 2010 and September 30, 2014.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy and metastasectomy for metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Background And Objectives: Various treatment options exist for patients with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). Surgical resection with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) typically reserved for patients with limited disease. Definitive data are lacking to support either the resection of primary PNET in the metastatic setting or for surgical debulking of metastatic lesions.

Incidence of Surgical Site Infections after Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery: No Role for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis.

To better define the value of antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) and antiseptic skin preparation (ASP) in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, we examined the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) with and without AMP. Retrospective analysis was performed using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database at a single institution. Patients undergoing thyroid or parathyroid surgery with data entered into the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database at our institution between November 2007 and June 2015 were studied, including patient demographics, wound classification, other risk factors for SSI, and wound outcome.

Evaluation of Hepatitis B Virus Screening, Vaccination, and Linkage to Care Among Newly Arrived Refugees in Four States, 2009-2011.

Many U.S.-bound refugees originate from countries with intermediate or high hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection prevalence and have risk for severe liver disease.

Vaccine delivery to newly arrived refugees and estimated costs in selected U.S. clinics, 2015.

Background: Newly arrived refugees are offered vaccinations during domestic medical examinations. Vaccination practices and costs for refugees have not been described with recent implementation of the overseas Vaccination Program for U.S.

Barriers to Combined-Modality Therapy for Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Importance: Combined-modality therapy with chemotherapy and radiation therapy plays a crucial role in the upfront treatment of patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), but there may be barriers to utilization in the United States.

Objective: To estimate utilization rates and factors associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy delivery for limited-stage SCLC using the National Cancer Database.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Analysis of initial management of all limited-stage SCLC cases from 2004 through 2013 in the National Cancer Database.

Radiation Therapy is Independently Associated with Worse Survival After R0-Resection for Stage I-II Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: An Analysis of the National Cancer Data Base.

Background: The 1998 post-operative radiotherapy meta-analysis for lung cancer showed a survival detriment associated with radiation for stage I-II resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but has been criticized for including antiquated radiation techniques. We analyzed the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to determine the impact of radiation after margin-negative (R0) resection for stage I-II NSCLC on survival.

Methods: Adult patients from 2004 to 2014 were analyzed from the NCDB with respect to receiving radiation as part of their first course of treatment for resected stage I-II NSCLC; the primary outcome measure was overall survival.

Radiation therapy dose is associated with improved survival for unresected anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Outcomes from the National Cancer Data Base.

Background: The outcomes of patients with unresected anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) from the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) were assessed, and potential correlations were explored between radiation therapy (RT) dose and overall survival (OS).

Methods: The study cohort was comprised of patients who underwent either no surgery or grossly incomplete resection. Correlates of OS were explored using univariate analysis and multivariable analysis (MVA).

Chemotherapy Significantly Improves Survival for Patients with T1c-T2N0M0 Medullary Breast Cancer: 3739 Cases From the National Cancer Data Base.

Background: Medullary breast cancer (MBC) is a rare tumor associated with a better prognosis compared with other breast cancers. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy has not been extensively studied.

Methods: Female patients with invasive MBC reported to the National Cancer Data Base from 2004 to 2012 were analyzed.

Atypical medullary carcinoma of the breast has similar prognostic factors and survival to typical medullary breast carcinoma: 3,976 cases from the National Cancer Data Base.

Backgrounds And Objectives: Medullary breast carcinoma (MBC) is a subtype with a more favorable prognosis. Tumors with some, but not all, characteristics of MBC are classified as atypical medullary carcinoma of the breast (AMCB).

Methods: Patients with invasive MBC and AMCB reported to the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) from 2004 to 2013 were compared for tumor characteristics and overall survival, using infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) as a reference.

Rationale for a Minimum Number of Lymph Nodes Removed with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Resection: Correlating the Number of Nodes Removed with Survival in 98,970 Patients.

Background: The benefit of thoracic lymphadenectomy in the treatment of resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to be debated. We hypothesized that the number of lymph nodes (LNs) removed for patients with pathologic node-negative NSCLC would correlate with survival.

Methods: The National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) was queried for resected, node-negative, NSCLC patients treated between 2004 and 2014.

Rare breast cancer: 246 invasive secretory carcinomas from the National Cancer Data Base.

Background And Objectives: Invasive secretory breast carcinoma (SBC) is a rare subtype of breast malignancy.

Methods: Cases of SBC and infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) from the National Cancer Database (1998-2011) were queried.

Results: Patients with SBC (n = 246) and IDC were identified (n = 1,564,068).

Construct validity of a novel, objective evaluation tool for the basics of open laparotomy training using a simulated model.

Background: We describe initial success in designing and implementing an objective evaluation for opening and closing a simulated abdomen.

Methods: (1) An assessment for laparotomy was created using peer-reviewed literature, texts, and the input of academic surgeons nationally; (2) the assessment was evaluated for construct validity, comparing the videotaped performance of laparotomy by surgical experts and novices on a viscoelastic model; and (3) the basics of open laparotomy training (BOLT) curriculum was piloted with junior residents to evaluate efficacy at improving performance.

Results: Experts performed better than novices opening (.

Characteristics, treatment, and survival of invasive malignant melanoma (MM) in giant pigmented nevi (GPN) in adults: 976 cases from the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB).

Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) arising in a giant pigmented nevus (GPN) is a rare disease in adults with no large series published to our knowledge.

Objective: We sought to describe the characteristics, treatment, and survival of MM in GPN for adults.

Methods: Adults with invasive MM in GPN (n = 976) reported to the National Cancer Data Base from 1998 to 2012 were evaluated for patient and tumor characteristics, treatment, and survival.

Treatment and survival of patients with insular thyroid carcinoma: 508 cases from the National Cancer Data Base.

Background: Insular thyroid carcinoma (ITC) is a rare but aggressive thyroid malignancy.

Methods: Patients with ITC (n = 508) reported to the National Cancer Data Base from 1998 to 2012 were evaluated for patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics and outcomes.

Results: Compared to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), patients with ITC cancer were older, more often were men, had larger tumors, were more likely to present with distant metastasis, were less likely to have an R0 resection, more likely to receive external beam radiation and chemotherapy, and had significantly worse survival.

Hypoplasia of the Spleen: Review of Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Potential Clinical Implications.

Context: Splenic aplasia is seen when the spleen is congenitally absent, has been surgically removed, or becomes atrophic secondary to episodes of arterial/venous occlusion, which result in splenic infarction. This rare condition is caused by a heterogenous group of diseases, which may present a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Splenic hypoplasia is defined as reduction in splenic mass and or functions caused by incomplete splenic development or secondary parenchymal involution.