[Placental mesenchymal dysplasia].

Objective: To carry out a clinical and morphological analysis of 6 cases of placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) that is not associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.

Material And Methods: Medical records, placental macroscopic and microscopic changes, histochemical (MSB staining) and immunohistochemical studies of placental tissue with antibodies against p57, CD34, smooth muscle actin, desmin, and Ki-67 were analyzed.

Results: Vascular anomalies in the chorionic plate and stem villi, the increased size and edema of the stem villi during normal formation of the terminal branches of the villous tree, the lack of proliferation of villous trophoblast were the typical signs of PMD and were noted in all cases.

High frequency of pathogenic and rare sequence variants in diabetes-related genes among Russian patients with diabetes in pregnancy.

Aims: Diabetes in pregnancy may be associated with monogenic defects of beta-cell function, frequency of which depends on ethnicity, clinical criteria for selection of patients as well as methods used for genetic analysis. The aim was to evaluate the contribution and molecular spectrum of mutations among genes associated with monogenic diabetes in non-obese Russian patients with diabetes in pregnancy using the next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Methods: 188 non-obese pregnant women with diabetes during pregnancy were included in the study; among them 57 subjects (30.

[Features of the pathogenesis of the placenta growing in the scar after cesarean section].

Objective: to investigate the structural and pathogenetic features of pathological placental attachment in the scar after cesarean section.

Material And Methods: The investigators explored 12 uteri; 11 of which were removed with placentas at 9 to 38 weeks' gestation (one in the first trimester, three at 18-22 weeks, two at 32-35 weeks, and five at 37-38 weeks); one uterus was removed after an artificial abortion at 12 weeks' gestation in the scar, as well as the scars excised in the first trimester in non-developing (n=4) and progressive (n=2) pregnancies. For histological examination, fragments of the full-thickness uterine wall were taken from the placental bed in different areas.

[IMMUNOLOGIC MONITORING OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI PERSISTENCE IN THE ORGANISM].

Generalized results of 15-year prospective studies of frequency of occurrence and dynamics of circulation of pathogenetically significant LPS/O-antigens, high molecular weight proteins, including CagA, and VacA of Helicobacter pylori in biological media of organism in patients with gastrointestinal diseases and asymptomatic volunteers due to effects of external and internal factors are presented. Features of antigen circulation and reciprocal immune reaction of the organism are established, that reflect their interaction in the parasite-host tandem, risk and prognosis of possible complications in the process of long-term persistence of Helicobacter pylori in the organism.

[The mother-placenta-fetus system in diffuse toxic goiter: Morphopathological aspects].

Objective: to compare the clinical and morphological parallels of the mother-placenta-fetus system in diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) through current morphological examinations.

Subjects And Methods: Sixty-five women whose pregnancy occurred with DTG were examined using both clinical and morphological studies (light, scanning electron, and atomic-force microscopies and macro- and microelement analysis); the placenta and uterus were investigated.

Results: Destructive changes and microrelief impairment, resulting from circulatory disorders (ischemia) and hemic hypoxia, were observed in the presence of DTG during pregnancy.

[Gestational diabetes mellitus: yesterday, today, tomorrow].

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is hyperglycemia that is first detected during pregnancy and does not meet the criteria for manifest diabetes. The incidence of GDM worldwide varies from 1 to 14% and that in Russia is as high as 4%. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy is associated with the development of preeclampsia, the birth of a big baby, emergency cesarean section, birth trauma, and neonatal hypoglycemia.

[Blood rheological characteristics of uteroplacental blood flow in severe gestosis].

Objective: To investigate the clinical and morphological features of uteroplacental blood flow during pregnancy in severe gestosis.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred and twenty-five patients with severe gestosis were examined. Scanning probe and electron microscopy with macro- and microelement analysis and transmission microscopy were used to study their placentas, umbilical cords, endometrium, myometrium, and maternal blood in severe gestosis.

[Surgical treatment of pregnant women with benign ovarian tumors].

The article describes the features of surgery in tumors and tumor-like formations of the ovaries in pregnant women. The influence of surgery on the course and outcome of pregnancy and childbirth is presented. It is showed high efficiency of laparoscopic surgery during I and II trimesters of pregnancy.

[Placental alterations in pregnant women with autoimmune polyglandular endocrinopathy].

The paper gives the results of a morphological study of 13 placentas from patients with rare autoimmune polyglandular syndrome and adrenal insufficiency, a disease history of 2 to 14 years, receiving corticosteroid replacement therapy. All pregnancies were full-term; labors were term surgical. The clinical and morphological associations suggest the placental alterations characteristic of diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases, uteroplacental and placentofetal ischemia.

[Functional morphology of maternal placental circulation in severe gestosis].

One hundred and twenty-five women with incomplete pregnancy in the presence of severe gestosis were examined. The placenta of women receiving 6% hydroxyethyl starch showed a compensatory plethora of villous chorion, stabilization of wall structures in the capillaries and red blood cell membranes, which contributed to the normalization of fetal oxygen homeostasis. In the female myometrium, the capillary lumen displayed starch fibers that stabilized the capillary wall, promoting the stabilization of the shape of vessels, and better circulation as a plethora.

[Peculiarities of pregnancy management after multiple stenting of coronary arteries].

This paper describes the strategy for pregnancy and labour management in women with the history of myocardial infarction after multiple stenting of coronary arteries using stents with cytostatic coating. The authors discuss a broad range of diseases underlying coronary lesions in young pregnant women receiving antiaggregation therapy. Neither multiple stenting nor intake of aspirin and ticlopid provoked teratogenic effect.

[Use of scanning microscopic techniques in the study of uteroplacental relationships in hypothyroidism].

Uteroplacental relationships were studied in women with and without hypothyroidism, by applying electron, atomic force, and scanning electron microscopies, which enables one to gain more insight into morphometric characteristics. Moreover, not only fixed, but also native materials were used, which brings the studies to a live object and opens up new avenues for rapid diagnosis. The use of gross and trace analysis allows the biochemical parameters of the structure of uterine and placental tissues to be studied for an additional diagnosis and development of treatment options.

[The mother-placenta-fetus system in maternal thyroid diseases].

In maternal thyroid diseases, the placenta shows an increase in complications during pregnancy. There are signs of lesions as alterations, focal sclerosis, and fibrinoid necrosis. There is also a circulatory disorder as plethora and thrombosis.

[Pregnancy in women with heart defects: outlook on the problem].

Modern approach to management of pregnancy and delivery in women with heart defects is presented in this paper. The 3-level system of observation of this contingent of patients is based on stratification of risk of development of cardiological complications which allows to form an algorithm of physicians actions, and to optimize tactics of ambulatory and hospital stages of treatment. Stratification of risk is supplemented with quantitative echocardiographic parameters which reflect hemodynamic overload of the myocardium and facilitate work of a practical physician.

[A newly diagnosed intraventricular septal defect in a pregnant woman presenting with pulmonary hypertension].

This clinical description of pregnancy follow-up and labour management in women with severe pulmonary hypertension caused by an interventricular septum defect is intended to familiarize practicing physicians with the methods for maintaining pregnancy and ensuring spontaneous delivery despite the said pathology. Indispensable conditions for the attainment of these goals include thorough clinical and laboratory control, comprehensive analysis of possible complications, efficacious epidural anesthesia, and correct choice of medicines.

[The course of the diabetes type I in pregnants with different levels of antibodies to insulin].

The course of the diabetes type I at pregnants (n=120) with different levels of idiotypic (ABI) and antiidiotypic (AB2) antibodies to insulin was investigated. It is known that AB2 to insulin can interact with insulin receptor. It was shown that changes of levels AB1 and AB2 to insulin are often observed at pregnants suffered from diabetes type I.

[Diabetic fetopathy in gravida with autoimmune hemolytic anemia complicated by steroid diabetes].

The authors made a clinicoanatomic analysis of fetal death in a 32-year-old diabetic gravida at 34-35 weeks gestational age. Fetal autopsy identified the characteristic signs of fetopathy: macrosomy, cardiomegaly, hepatomegaly, and brain weight reduction. Histological analysis revealed minute foci of leukomalacia with glial proliferation in the cerebral hemispheres; adipose and hyaline drop degeneration of cardiomyocytes in the heart, that of hepatocytes in the liver, the proximal renal tubular epithelial cells; hemorrhages in the respiratory portions of the lung.

[Pregnancy management and spontaneous labor in heart diseases: present-day solution to the dilemma].

Aim: to study cardiac rhythm variability (CRV), to optimize pregnancy management tactics and to choose a delivery procedure.

Subjects And Methods: Ninety-six 19-to-37 year-old (mean age 28.3 +/- 9.

[Heart disease and pregnancy: grounds for confidence in the safe outcome].

Indications for prolongation of pregnancy and spontaneous delivery in women with congenital and acquired heart disease are proposed based on original observations and literature data. Special attention is given to risk factors of an undesirable outcome of pregnancy for mothers with high functional class cardiac insufficiency, high blood pressure gradient, and severe pulmonary hypertension with mitral valve and aortic stenosis.

[Optimization of antihypertensive therapy in pregnant women using 24-hour arterial pressure monitoring].

The purpose of the investigation was to study peculiarities in the parameters of 24-hour arterial pressure monitoring (APM) in pregnant women with various extragenital and obstetric pathologies to define indications to administration and optimization of hypotensive therapy. The results of 24-hour APM of 558 pregnant women with a suspected arterial hypertension (AH) of different origins were matched with peculiarities of pregnancy and its outcome (gestosis, an abortion due to AH complications, serious obstetric complications such as intrauterine fetal death or detachment of placenta). The control group consisted of 41 women without cardiovascular diseases or any complications during pregnancy.

[Placental morphology in pregnancy complicated with iron-deficiency anemia].

Iron-deficiency anemia in pregnant females negatively affects pregnancy, delivery, neonatal infants. Anemia-caused placental changes found during pregnancy are characterized by imbalance between the processes of adaptation and dysadaptation in response to the developed hypoxia in the pregnant-placenta-fetus system and placental tissue ischemia. When iron-deficiency anemia had developed before pregnancy, placental morphological changes show the signs of chronic placental insufficiency.

[Supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardias during pregnancy: the therapeutic tactics and prognosis].

The paper contains recommendations on treatment of supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardias (SVPT) during pregnancy. The recommendations are based on contemporary literature data and authors" own data. SVPT in postural syndrome are shown to be benign and to demand no continuous antiarrhythmic therapy, while tachycardiac attacks are terminated by vagal tests and adenosine application.

[Impact of maternal thyroid disease on the formation of relationships in the maternal-placental-fetal system].

Impaired microcirculation with evolving sludge phenomenon and thrombosis underlie placental changes in maternal thyroid disease. Capillary blood circulatory defect is largely due to villous immaturity. Placental tissue ischemia gives rise to fibrinoid, sclerosis, and alternative processes.

[Production of recombinant fragment of VacA protein and development of non-invasive method for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection].

Vacuolizing toxin (VacA) Helicobacter pylori is an important factor of pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori and a basic marker in the diagnosis of helicobacteriosis and related diseases. A coagulation-based diagnostic test-system was elaborated for the detection of VacA in clinical samples. A fragment of vacA was cloned, for the purpose, in Escherichia coli and expressed in preparative quantities; the coded protein was purified and used in raising the diagnostic serum.

[Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori specific antigens in diseases of gastrointestinal tract].

The results of the immunophoretic analysis of H. pylori antigenic structure are presented. Along with H.