The Global Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Workforce.

Importance: A core component of delivering care of head and neck diseases is an adequate workforce. The World Health Organization report, Multi-Country Assessment of National Capacity to Provide Hearing Care, captured primary workforce estimates from 68 member states in 2012, noting that response rates were a limitation and that updated more comprehensive data are needed.

Objective: To establish comprehensive workforce metrics for global otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) with updated data from more countries/territories.

An analysis of the inclusion of ear and hearing care in national health policies, strategies and plans.

Ear- and hearing-related conditions pose a significant global health burden, yet public health policy surrounding ear and hearing care (EHC) in low- and middle-income countries is poorly understood. The present study aims to characterize the inclusion of EHC in national health policy by analysing national health policies, strategies and plans in English, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Arabic. Three EHC keywords were searched, including ear*, hear* and deaf*.

Accuracy and generalizability of using automated methods for identifying adverse events from electronic health record data: a validation study protocol.

Background: Adverse events (AEs) in acute care hospitals are frequent and associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and costs. Measuring AEs is necessary for quality improvement and benchmarking purposes, but current detection methods lack in accuracy, efficiency, and generalizability. The growing availability of electronic health records (EHR) and the development of natural language processing techniques for encoding narrative data offer an opportunity to develop potentially better methods.

Proteomics of endometrial fluid after dexamethasone treatment in mares susceptible to endometritis.

Corticotherapy is a common treatment in mares susceptible to endometritis. Isoflupredone improves pregnancy rates and affects the protein profile of endometrial fluid in comparison to untreated mares. Dexamethasone decreases postbreeding fluid accumulation and uterine edema; however, its effects on the protein profile of the endometrial fluid have not yet been studied.

Site fidelity and movement of Chelonoidis carbonaria (Spix, 1824) (Testudinidae) in cocoa plantations in southeastern Brazil.

Red-footed Tortoises (Chelonoidis carbonaria Spix, 1824) raised as pets and voluntarily handed over to environmental officers by their owners or apprehended by officers represent a large contingent of animals that overfill triage centres in Brazil. There is no consensus on the fate of these animals, and their numbers continue growing. In this study, we evaluated the movement patterns of C.

Security Hi-tech Individual Extra-light Device Mask: a new protection for [soccer] players.

Among professional [soccer] players, a relevant incidence of maxillofacial trauma has been reported. The main challenge in these particular patients is to give them the possibility of a very short convalescence period and to make possible their agonistic activity as soon as possible. The authors here present an innovative technique to realize this--the Security Hi-tech Individual Extra-Light Device Mask, a customizable protective shield based on the player's face cast.

Miniature ponies: 2. Endocrinology of the oestrous cycle.

Plasma concentrations of FSH, LH, oestradiol and progesterone were studied daily during 12 interovulatory intervals and 21 periovulatory periods in nine Miniature ponies. The peak of the FSH surge that was temporally associated with emergence of the future ovulatory follicle occurred when the follicle was approximately 9 mm, compared with a reported diameter of 13 mm in larger breeds. The ovulatory LH surge involved a slow increase between Days 13 and 18 (ovulation=Day 0; 0.

Miniature ponies: 1. Follicular, luteal and endometrial dynamics during the oestrous cycle.

Follicular dynamics were studied during 12 interovulatory intervals (IOIs) and 36 preovulatory periods in Miniature mares. The percentage of IOIs with the following follicle events was: ovulatory wave with only one follicle>or=10 mm (55%), diameter deviation similar to previous reports in larger mares (25%) and minor waves emerging before or after the ovulatory wave (55%). Follicle data were compared among Miniature ponies, large ponies and Breton horses (n=12 IOIs per breed).

The effect of a structured intervention on caregivers of patients with dementia and problem behaviors: a randomized controlled pilot study.

The objective was to assess the effect of a structured intervention on caregiver stress and the institutionalization rate of patients with dementia and problem behaviors. Caregivers contacting the Federazione Alzheimer Italia (AI) to receive help, advice, or information in relation to problem behaviors of outpatients were enrolled. Eligible caregiver-patient dyads were randomized to receive either a structured intervention or the counseling AI usually provides (control group).

Pupillometric evaluation and analysis of light reflex in healthy subjects as a tool to study autonomic nervous system changes with aging.

To assess the relationships between aging and autonomic control of pupillary functions, TV-pupillometry and light reflex evaluation were performed in 52 healthy volunteers in the age range 15-75 years, grouped into four age classes (group 1: 15-29 years, Group 2: 30-44 years, Group 3: 45-59 years, Group 4: 60-75 years). Baseline light pupil diameter was found to be age-dependent, together with light reflex contraction velocity, which presented a linear correlation with age. Light reflex amplitude and half-redilatation velocity were reduced in older subjects, but presented only a weak linear correlation with age, while latency, contraction time and half-redilatation time percent of secondary dilatation and redilatation at 5 seconds did not show significant changes with age.

Angiographically occult brainstem vascular malformation: a longitudinal comparison of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multimodal evoked potential (EP) recordings.

Over a period of several years, a patient with angiographically occult vascular malformation (AOVM) involving the brainstem was longitudinally studied by means of serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and multimodal Evoked Potential (EP) recordings (visual-VEP, brainstem auditory-BAEP, somatosensory--SEP--by stimulating median and peroneal nerves). MRI did contribute to an accurate definition of AOVM features. In particular, it was able to follow over time the AOVM size, and to discriminate between recent and old bleedings.