MULTIMODAL IMAGING OF AN INTRARETINAL TUBERCULAR GRANULOMATOUS NEURORETINITIS.

Purpose: To report a rare case of an intraretinal tuberculoma and associated neuroretinitis.

Methods: The patient was evaluated with various imaging modalities including fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and optical coherence tomography; her extensive laboratory workup returned positive for tuberculosis.

Results: After initially presenting with no light perception, 13 weeks of antitubercular therapy allowed for visual acuity recovery to 20/30.

Adjunct Intravitreous Triamcinolone Acetonide in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema with Anti-VEGF Agents.

To compare visual and anatomic outcomes of adjunct intravitreous (IVT) triamcinolone acetonide to antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections to IVT anti-VEGF injections alone for center-involving diabetic macular edema (DME) in treatment-naïve eyes. Retrospective study of treatment-naïve eyes with center-involving DME. The primary outcome was the change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in eyes receiving only IVT anti-VEGF (group 1) and eyes receiving IVT anti-VEGF and adjunct IVT-TA (group 2).

SCLEROTOMY LEAKAGE IN TRANSCONJUNCTIVAL SMALL-GAUGE PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY: Effect of Removing the Cannula Over the Light Pipe.

Purpose: To determine the effect of cannula removal over the light pipe on the incidence of sclerotomy leakage and to evaluate other factors that may influence the incidence of sclerotomy leaks and hypotony on conclusion of small-gauge transconjunctival pars plana vitrectomy.

Methods: Retrospective, interventional clinical study of consecutive patients who underwent small-gauge transconjunctival pars plana vitrectomy at a single academic center. Eyes were divided into a group in which cannulae were removed over the light pipe (Group L) and a group in which cannulae were simply pulled out (Group N).

ADULT WITH CHICKENPOX COMPLICATED BY SYSTEMIC VASCULITIS AND BILATERAL RETINAL VASCULITIS WITH RETINAL VASCULAR OCCLUSIONS.

Purpose: To describe an adult with chickenpox resulting in systemic vasculitis and bilateral retinal vascular occlusions.

Methods: Single case report.

Results: A 58-year-old man with chickenpox complicated by disseminated varicella-zoster systemic and retinal vasculitis resulting in a combined arterial and venous occlusion in one eye with multiple branch retinal vein occlusions in the other eye.

Favorable Outcomes of Filamentous Fungal Endophthalmitis Following Aggressive Management.

Purpose: To evaluate the visual outcomes following aggressive management of filamentous fungal endophthalmitis with prompt surgical intervention and oral and intravitreal voriconazole.

Methods: Retrospective chart review study of consecutive patients with culture- or biopsy-proven filamentous fungal endophthalmitis treated at an academic referral center. Clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and visual outcomes were analyzed.

Evaluation of Automated Teleretinal Screening Program for Diabetic Retinopathy.

Importance: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness, but its detrimental effects are preventable with early detection and treatment. Screening for diabetic retinopathy has the potential to increase the number of cases treated early, especially in populations with limited access to care.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of an automated algorithm in interpreting screening ophthalmoscopic photographs from patients with diabetes compared with a reading center interpretation.

Autoimmune-Related Retinopathy and Optic Neuropathy Accompanied by Anti-GAD Antibodies.

Autoimmune-related retinopathy and optic neuropathy is characterized by visual loss in the presence of antibodies against retina or optic nerve antigens in the absence of neoplasia. We report a case with progressive central visual loss accompanied by latent autoimmune diabetes in an adult. Visual fields, multimodal imaging and electrophysiological testing showed characteristic changes without evidence of neoplasia on positron emission tomography.

PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY FOR SYMPTOMATIC EPIRETINAL MEMBRANES IN EYES WITH 20/50 OR BETTER PREOPERATIVE VISUAL ACUITY.

Purpose: To evaluate pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peel for symptomatic epiretinal membranes in eyes with preoperative best-corrected visual acuity of 20/50 or better.

Methods: Patients with symptomatic epiretinal membrane and 20/50 or better vision who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peel by a single surgeon at our institution between January 2007 and January 2014 were identified. The principal outcomes measured were best-corrected visual acuity and central subfield macular thickness at 1, 6, and 12 months of follow-up.

Long-term risk of glaucoma after encircling scleral buckle.

Purpose: To determine the long-term risk of developing glaucoma after an encircling scleral buckle procedure.

Methods: Retrospective case series of patients with at least 10 years of follow-up who underwent successful, unilateral retinal detachment repair by encircling scleral buckle. The main outcome measure was the proportion of eyes that developed perimetric glaucoma of buckled compared with fellow eyes.

Current treatment of toxoplasma retinochoroiditis: an evidence-based review.

Objective. To perform an evidence-based review of treatments for Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis (TRC). Methods.

Evidence for and against intravitreous corticosteroids in addition to intravitreous antibiotics for acute endophthalmitis.

The use of adjunctive intravitreous corticosteroids in endophthalmitis is controversial. Preclinical models showed that early administration of corticosteroids may be important although they reported mixed results in terms of their effects on antibiotic pharmacokinetics, control of infection and prevention of retinal damage. Most published retrospective clinical studies showed no beneficial effects associated with their use.

Current management of vitreous hemorrhage due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic vitreous hemorrhage secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a cause of severe vision loss in diabetic patients. Laser photocoagulation remains the primary treatment when the view allows. Intravitreous anti-VEGF injections do not appear to have a role as primary treatment but may have an invaluable role as adjuvant to surgery.

Intraoperative breakage of a disposable 23-gauge trocar tip.

Purpose: To report breakage of the tip of a 23-gauge trocar system during pars plana vitrectomy.

Methods: Retrospective single case report.

Results: A 56-year-old man was undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage using a 23-gauge 1-step trocar/cannula entry system.

Long-term visual outcomes following lens-sparing vitrectomy for retinopathy of prematurity.

Aim: To describe the long-term outcomes of lens-sparing vitrectomy (LSV) for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: Single-centre retrospective case series of eyes that underwent LSV for ROP between 1998 and 2005 and had a follow-up of at least 5 years. The primary outcome was the mean visual acuity, and secondary outcomes were the proportion of eyes without functional vision, proportion of eyes with anatomic success, proportion of Stage 4A eyes with vision better than 20/400, proportion of Stage 4B eyes with vision better than 20/800.

Toxicity of high-dose intravitreal adalimumab (Humira) in the rabbit.

Purpose: To evaluate the ocular toxicity of escalating doses of intravitreous adalimumab (Humira®) in the rabbit eye.

Methods: Thirty New Zealand albino rabbits received intravitreous injections of 0.5 mg (6 eyes), 1.