Artificial Intelligence in Uropathology.

The global population is currently at unprecedented levels, with an estimated 7.8 billion people inhabiting the planet. We are witnessing a rise in cancer cases, attributed to improved control of cardiovascular diseases and a growing elderly population.

Detecting and grading prostate cancer in radical prostatectomy specimens through deep learning techniques.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the ability of deep learning algorithms to detect and grade prostate cancer (PCa) in radical prostatectomy specimens.

Methods: We selected 12 whole-slide images of radical prostatectomy specimens. These images were divided into patches, and then, analyzed and annotated.

High CD39 expression is associated with the non-muscle-invasive phenotype of human bladder cancer.

Background: An accurate prediction of progression is critical to define the management of bladder cancer (BC). The ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 play strategic roles in calibrating purinergic signals via an extracellular balance between ATP and adenosine. The altered expression of these enzymes plays a potential role in tumor invasion and metastasis, therefore, has been proposed to be used for prognosis of solid tumor.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Horseshoe Kidneys: Results of a Multicentric Study.

To report the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in horseshoe kidneys (HSK) in 12 institutions worldwide and evaluate the impact of patient position during operation. We carried out a retrospective analysis of PCNL procedures performed between 2008 and 2018 in patients with HSK. Pre-, peri-, and postoperative data were collected, and a subgroup analysis was performed according to patient position.

Robot-Assisted Infratrigonal Vesicovaginal Fistula Repair.

Background: Although relatively rare, vesicovaginal fistula is the most common genitourinary fistula, causing a significant decrease in patients' quality of life. Location of fistula is major supratrigonal, with some cases located in the trigone and rarely below it. Disease treatment is surgical, and repair can be performed by several techniques, including robot-assisted.

Comparative study of percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed in the traditional prone position and in three different supine positions.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) performed in the prone position (PRON) and in three variations of the supine position.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients that underwent PCNL at our institution from June 2011 to October 2016 in PRON and in three variations of the supine position: complete supine (COMPSUP), original Valdivia (VALD), and Galdakao - modified Valdivia (GALD). All patients had a complete pre - operative evaluation, including computed tomography (CT).

Outcomes of more than 1 000 percutaneous nephrolithotomies and validation of Guy's stone score.

Objective: To present the experience with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) at a high-volume Brazilian centre and to evaluate Guy's stone score (GSS) as a predictor of success and complications in PCNL.

Patients And Methods: We prospectively evaluated patients who underwent PCNL between June 2011 and October 2016. Indications for PCNL included renal stones >2 cm in size and stones <2 cm in size in which first-line techniques had failed.

Giant Perineal Solitary Fibrous Tumor: A Rare Case Report.

. Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a fibroblastic mesenchymal tumor that was initially described from the pleura but currently arises at almost every anatomic site. It is usually benign, and surgical resection is curative.