Recent Advances in Magnesium-Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticle Composites for Biomedical Applications.

Magnesium (Mg) is considered an attractive option for orthopedic applications due to its density and elastic modulus close to the natural bone of the body, as well as biodegradability and good tensile strength. However, it faces serious challenges, including a high degradation rate and, as a result, a loss of mechanical properties during long periods of exposure to the biological environment. Also, among its other weaknesses, it can be mentioned that it does not deal with bacterial biofilms.

The Effectiveness Mechanisms of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) as Reinforcements for Magnesium-Based Composites for Biomedical Applications: A Review.

As a smart implant, magnesium (Mg) is highly biocompatible and non-toxic. In addition, the elastic modulus of Mg relative to other biodegradable metals (iron and zinc) is close to the elastic modulus of natural bone, making Mg an attractive alternative to hard tissues. However, high corrosion rates and low strength under load relative to bone are some challenges for the widespread use of Mg in orthopedics.

Research Progress of Titanium-Based Alloys for Medical Devices.

Biomaterials are currently a unique class of materials that are essential to improving the standard of human life and extending it. In the assent of the appearance of biomaterials that contain non-toxic elements, in this study, we examine a system of Ti25Mo7Zr15TaSi ( = 0, 0.5, 0.

Effect of the Sintering Mechanism on the Crystallization Kinetics of Geopolymer-Based Ceramics.

This research aims to study the effects of the sintering mechanism on the crystallization kinetics when the geopolymer is sintered at different temperatures: 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, 1000 °C, and 1200 °C for a 3 h soaking time with a heating rate of 5 °C/min. The geopolymer is made up of kaolin and sodium silicate as the precursor and an alkali activator, respectively. Characterization of the nepheline produced was carried out using XRF to observe the chemical composition of the geopolymer ceramics.

Effect of Si Contents on the Properties of Ti15Mo7ZrxSi Alloys.

The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility of two novel titanium alloys, Ti15Mo7ZrxSi (x = 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1).

A Comprehensive Review of the Current Research Status of Biodegradable Zinc Alloys and Composites for Biomedical Applications.

Zinc (Zn)-based biodegradable materials show moderate degradation rates in comparison with other biodegradable materials (Fe and Mg). Biocompatibility and non-toxicity also make them a viable option for implant applications. Furthermore, Pure Zn has poor mechanical behavior, with a tensile strength of around 100-150 MPa and an elongation of 0.

Producing Metal Powder from Machining Chips Using Ball Milling Process: A Review.

In the pursuit of achieving zero emissions, exploring the concept of recycling metal waste from industries and workshops (i.e., waste-free) is essential.

Effects of Multiple Reflow on the Formation of Primary Crystals in Sn-3.5Ag and Solder Joint Strength: Experimental and Finite Element Analysis.

The growth and formation of primary intermetallics formed in Sn-3.5Ag soldered on copper organic solderability preservative (Cu-OSP) and electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) surface finish after multiple reflows were systematically investigated. Real-time synchrotron imaging was used to investigate the microstructure, focusing on the in situ growth behavior of primary intermetallics during the solid-liquid-solid interactions.

Effect of Sintering Mechanism towards Crystallization of Geopolymer Ceramic-A Review.

Globally, there is an increasing need for ceramic materials that have a variety of applications in the environment, for precision tools, and for the biomedical, electronics, and environmental industries. However, in order to obtain remarkable mechanical qualities, ceramics have to be manufactured at a high temperature of up to 1600 °C over a long heating period. Furthermore, the conventional approach presents issues with agglomeration, irregular grain growth, and furnace pollution.

Effect of Functional Nanoporous TiO Film Obtained on Ti6Al4V Implant Alloy to Improve Resistance in Biological Solution for Inflammatory Conditions.

The metallic titanium-based biomaterials are sensitive to corrosion-induced degradation in biological fluids in the presence of inflammatory conditions containing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess ROS induces oxidative modification of cellular macromolecules, inhibits protein function, and promotes cell death. In addition, ROS could promote implant degradation by accelerating the corrosive attack of biological fluids.

Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes/Alumina Hybrid-Filled Phenolic Composite with Enhanced Wear Resistance.

Hybrid fillers can be produced via various methods, such as physical mixing and chemical modification. However, there is a limited number of studies on the effect of hybridisation on the mechanical performance of hybrid filler-reinforced polymer composites, especially in the context of wear performance. This study investigated the wear resistance of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/alumina hybrid-filled phenolic composite, where two hybrid methods were used to produce the CNTs/alumina hybrid filler.

Effect of Isothermal Annealing on Sn Whisker Growth Behavior of Sn0.7Cu0.05Ni Solder Joint.

This paper presents an assessment of the effect of isothermal annealing of Sn whisker growth behavior on the surface of Sn0.7Cu0.05Ni solder joints using the hot-dip soldering technique.

Mechanical Performance, Microstructure, and Porosity Evolution of Fly Ash Geopolymer after Ten Years of Curing Age.

This paper elucidates the mechanical performance, microstructure, and porosity evolution of fly ash geopolymer after 10 years of curing age. Given their wide range of applications, understanding the microstructure of geopolymers is critical for their long-term use. The outcome of fly ash geopolymer on mechanical performance and microstructural characteristics was compared between 28 days of curing (FA28D) and after 10 years of curing age (FA10Y) at similar mixing designs.

Solidification/Stabilization Technology for Radioactive Wastes Using Cement: An Appraisal.

Across the world, any activity associated with the nuclear fuel cycle such as nuclear facility operation and decommissioning that produces radioactive materials generates ultramodern civilian radioactive waste, which is quite hazardous to human health and the ecosystem. Therefore, the development of effectual and commanding management is the need of the hour to make certain the sustainability of the nuclear industries. During the management process of waste, its immobilization is one of the key activities conducted with a view to producing a durable waste form which can perform with sustainability for longer time frames.

Computer Simulations of End-Tapering Anchorages of EBR FRP-Strengthened Prestressed Concrete Slabs at Service Conditions.

This article examines numerically the behavior of prestressed reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) consisting of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets. The non-linear finite element (FE) program Abaqus is used to model EBR FRP-strengthened prestressed concrete slabs tested previously in four-point bending. After the calibration of the computational models, a parametric study is then conducted to assess the influence of the FRP axial stiffness (thickness and modulus of elasticity) on the interfacial normal and shear stresses.

Near-Infrared (NIR) Silver Sulfide (AgS) Semiconductor Photocatalyst Film for Degradation of Methylene Blue Solution.

A silver sulfide (AgS) semiconductor photocatalyst film has been successfully synthesized using a solution casting method. To produce the photocatalyst films, two types of AgS powder were used: a commercialized and synthesized powder. For the commercialized powder (CF/comAgS), the AgS underwent a rarefaction process to reduce its crystallite size from 52 nm to 10 nm, followed by incorporation into microcrystalline cellulose using a solution casting method under the presence of an alkaline/urea solution.

Effectiveness of Dimple Microtextured Copper Substrate on Performance of Sn-0.7Cu Solder Alloy.

This paper elucidates the influence of dimple-microtextured copper substrate on the performance of Sn-0.7Cu solder alloy. A dimple with a diameter of 50 µm was produced by varying the dimple depth using different laser scanning repetitions, while the dimple spacing was fixed for each sample at 100 µm.

Influence of Polyformaldehyde Monofilament Fiber on the Engineering Properties of Foamed Concrete.

Foamed concrete is considered a green building material, which is porous in nature. As a result, it poses benefits such as being light in self-weight, and also has excellent thermal insulation properties, environmental safeguards, good fire resistance performance, and low cost. Nevertheless, foamed concrete has several disadvantages such as low strength, a large amount of entrained air, poor toughness, and being a brittle material, all of which has restricted its usage in engineering and building construction.

Experimental Research on New Developed Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications.

The mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of two new titanium alloys, Ti20Mo7Zr and Ti20Mo7Zr0.5Si, are investigated in this paper. The alloys have been manufactured by vacuum arc remelting (VAR) technique and studied to determine their microstructure, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties.

Mechanical Performance of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer (FAG) as Road Base Stabilizer.

This study examines the strength development of fly ash-based geopolymer (FAG) as a stabilizer for road base material for pavement construction. In the last decade, there has been a rapid development of conventionally treated bases, such as cement-treated bases. However, a major problem with this kind of application is the shrinkage cracking in cement-treated bases that may result in the reflection cracks on the asphalt pavement surface.

Future Trends in Advanced Materials and Processes.

The main objective of this Special Issue was to publish original high-quality research papers covering the most recent advances in materials properties, as well as comprehensive reviews addressing the relevant state-of-the-art topics in the area of materials processing, with relevant practical applications [...

Sustainable Consumption: Will They Buy It Again? Factors Influencing the Intention to Repurchase Organic Food Grain.

Global consumption trends point to rising demand for organic food as people become more health-conscious. The factors that people consider while making initial organic purchases have been discussed at length. However, the published research is scant about the factors that affect consumers' propensity to repurchase organic goods.

Chemical Distributions of Different Sodium Hydroxide Molarities on Fly Ash/Dolomite-Based Geopolymer.

Geopolymers are an inorganic material in an alkaline environment that is synthesized with alumina-silica gel. The structure of geopolymers consists of an inorganic chain of material and a covalent-bound molecular system. Currently, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) has caused carbon dioxide (CO) emissions which causes greenhouse effects.

Improvements of Flexural Properties and Thermal Performance in Thin Geopolymer Based on Fly Ash and Ladle Furnace Slag Using Borax Decahydrates.

This paper elucidates the influence of borax decahydrate addition on the flexural and thermal properties of 10 mm thin fly ash/ladle furnace slag (FAS) geopolymers. The borax decahydrate (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%) was incorporated to produce FAB geopolymers.