Comparison of 21 artificial intelligence algorithms in automated diabetic retinopathy screening using handheld fundus camera.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes and may lead to irreversible visual loss. Efficient screening and improved treatment of both diabetes and DR have amended visual prognosis for DR. The number of patients with diabetes is increasing and telemedicine, mobile handheld devices and automated solutions may alleviate the burden for healthcare.

Towards a point-of-care strip test to diagnose sickle cell anemia.

A rapid test to identify patients with sickle cell disease could have important benefits in low-resource settings. Sickle cell anemia (SCA) affects about 300,000 newborns each year, the majority of whom are born in sub-Saharan Africa. Low-cost therapies are available to treat SCA, but most countries in sub-Saharan Africa lack robust neonatal screening programs needed to identify patients in need of treatment.

Preparation, characterisation and application of europium(III) chelate-dyed polystyrene-acrylic acid nanoparticle labels.

Preparation, characterisation and application of europium(III) chelate-incorporated polystyrene-acrylic acid (AAc) nanoparticle labels featuring diverse AAc proportions is described. Emulsion copolymerisation of styrene and AAc was used to synthesise uniform-sized nanoparticles, approximately 50 nm in diameter. The structural, fluorescence and functional properties of the nanoparticles were characterised to obtain the optimal polymer composition of particulate labels.

Synthesis, characterization, and application of Eu(III), Tb(III), Sm(III), and Dy(III) lanthanide chelate nanoparticle labels.

Preparation and characterization of europium(III), terbium(III), samarium(III), and dysprosium(III) polystyrene nanoparticle labels with lanthanide-specific fluorescence properties has been presented. Emulsion copolymerization of styrene and acrylic acid was used to synthesize uniform-sized nanoparticles approximately 45 nm in diameter. Europium(III) and samarium(III) lanthanides were chelated with 2-naphthoyltrifluoroacetone and trioctylphosphine oxide to dye the spherical particles, whereas terbium(III) and dysprosium(III) chelate complexes contained a newly synthesized ligand, 4-(2,4,6-tridecyloxyphenyl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid.

Immunoassay of total prostate-specific antigen using europium(III) nanoparticle labels and streptavidin-biotin technology.

Nanoparticle labels conjugated with biomolecules are used in a variety of different assay applications. We investigated the possibility of using europium(III)-labeled 68-nm nanoparticles coated with monoclonal antibodies or streptavidin (SA) to detect prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in serum. The selection of a suitable antibody pair and interference caused by the combination of nanoparticle label and structurally complex analyte were of special interest.

Highly sensitive immunoassay of free prostate-specific antigen in serum using europium(III) nanoparticle label technology.

Background: Recent proceedings in utilization of europium(III) chelate-dyed polystyrene nanoparticles as labels have combined the advantages of an enhanced monovalent binding affinity and a high specific activity of nanoparticle-antibody bioconjugate. Our objective was to evaluate the performance of the nanoparticle label technology with biological samples in an immunoassay of free prostate-specific antigen (PSA-F) using a standard microtitration well platform.

Methods: Long-lifetime luminescent europium(III)-chelate nanoparticles, 107 nm in diameter, were coated with a PSA-F specific monoclonal antibody.