Productivity and carbon footprint of perennial grass-forage legume intercropping strategies with high or low nitrogen fertilizer input.

A three-season field experiment was established and repeated twice with spring barley used as cover crop for different perennial grass-legume intercrops followed by a full year pasture cropping and winter wheat after sward incorporation. Two fertilization regimes were applied with plots fertilized with either a high or a low rate of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to evaluate the carbon footprint (global warming potential) of the grassland management including measured nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions after sward incorporation.

A suite of sensitive chemical methods to determine the δ15N of ammonium, nitrate and total dissolved N in soil extracts.

Natural (15) N abundances (δ(15) N values) of different soil nitrogen pools deliver crucial information on the soil N cycle for the analysis of biogeochemical processes. Here we report on a complete suite of methods for sensitive δ(15) N analysis in soil extracts. A combined chemical reaction of vanadium(III) chloride (VCl(3) ) and sodium azide under acidic conditions is used to convert nitrate into N(2) O, which is subsequently analyzed by purge-and-trap isotope ratio mass spectrometry (PTIRMS) with a cryo-focusing unit.