Detection of falsified clopidogrel in the presence of excipients using voltammetry.

There has been a recent surge in the amount of substandard and falsified clopidogrel. Pharmacopeial based assays using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy are widely used for the measurement of clopidogrel but are not accessible in low to middle income countries. Therefore, our study explored four different techniques (mid-infrared spectroscopy, thin layer chromatography, ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry), which could be used in low to middle income countries.

Chemical characterization of variably degraded fibre glass reinforced plastic from the marine environment.

Glass reinforced plastic (GRP) constitutes the commonest component of small sea going craft of all descriptions. This study provides a baseline molecular and elemental account of GRP's recovered from the marine environment. Fourteen samples of GRP sourced from scrapyards and one sample sourced from a GRP boat manufacturer were examined.

Glass reinforced plastic (GRP) a new emerging contaminant - First evidence of GRP impact on aquatic organisms.

Plastics and synthetic materials are polluting the world's oceans. In this study we exposed juvenile mussels, Mytilus edulis, to glass reinforced plastic (GRP) dust, under laboratory conditions. The study ran for a period of 7 days, to test for the morphological and potential physiological impacts of GRP.

The spectroscopic search for water in barite group sulfates.

This study examines the mid and near infrared spectra of a suite of natural and synthetic powdered minerals of the isostructural barite mineral group. The mid-infrared (MIR) spectra are wholly compliant with anhydrous high purity anglesite, celestine and barite. The complementary near-infrared (NIR) spectra contain bands at ca 1.

The near-infrared spectra of the alkali carbonates.

This study presents the first account of the near-infrared (NIR) spectra of the alkali carbonates: [CsCO] [RbCO] [KCO] [NaCO] and [LiCO]. Seven NIR bands (labelled [A] to [G] inclusive) within the [4000-6000cm] (2.5-1.

Nanostructured DPA-MPC-DPA triblock copolymer gel for controlled drug release of ketoprofen and spironolactone.

Objective: Uncontrolled rapid release of drugs can reduce their therapeutic efficacy and cause undesirable toxicity; however, controlled release from reservoir materials helps overcome this issue. The aims of this study were to determine the release profiles of ketoprofen and spironolactone from a pH-responsive self-assembling DPA-MPC-DPA triblock copolymer gel and elucidate underlying physiochemical properties.

Methods: Drug release profiles from DPA -MPC -DPA gel (pH 7.

The effect of the particle size on the fundamental vibrations of the [CO3(2-)] anion in calcite.

This study examines the effects of particle sizes between 3 and 121 μm on the fundamental vibrations of the [CO3(2-)] anion in calcite [CaCO3] as analyzed by total attenuated reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). The ATR-IR absorbance intensity ratios of the [ν4/ν3] [712 cm(-1)/1393 cm(-1)], [ν4/ν2] [712 cm(-1)/871 cm(-1)], and [ν2/ν3] [871 cm(-1)/1393 cm(-1)] share the same profile for grain size fractions 121 μm through to 42 μm mode. Between 42 and 3 μm mode the three ratios sharply decline in a systematic manner, consistent with a nonuniform decrease in spectral contrast of the [CO3(2-)] internal modes.