DSSBU: A novel mass spectrometry-cleavable analogue of the BS cross-linker.

Protein cross-linking has assumed an irreplaceable role in structural proteomics. Recently, significant efforts have been made to develop novel mass spectrometry (MS)-cleavable reagents. At present, only water-insoluble MS-cleavable cross-linkers are commercially available.

Unveiling the DHX15-G-patch interplay in retroviral RNA packaging.

We explored how a simple retrovirus, Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (M-PMV) to facilitate its replication process, utilizes DHX15, a cellular RNA helicase, typically engaged in RNA processing. Through advanced genetic engineering techniques, we showed that M-PMV recruits DHX15 by mimicking cellular mechanisms, relocating it from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to aid in viral assembly. This interaction is essential for the correct packaging of the viral genome and critical for its infectivity.

Exploring the Potential of Culture Supernatant With Resuscitation-Promoting Factor for Enhancing the Culturability of Soil Bacteria.

A bacterial species is best characterized after its isolation in a pure culture. This is an arduous endeavor for many soil microorganisms, but it can be simplified by several techniques for improving culturability: for example, by using growth-promoting factors. We investigated the potential of a culture supernatant containing resuscitation-promoting factor (SRpf) to increase the number and diversity of cultured bacterial taxa from a nutrient-rich compost soil.

Regulation of the microsomal proteome by salicylic acid and deficiency of phosphatidylinositol-4-kinases β1 and β2 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Phosphatidylinositol-4-kinases β1 and β2 (PI4Kβ1/PI4Kβ2), which are responsible for phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol to phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate, have important roles in plant vesicular trafficking. Moreover, PI4Kβ1/PI4Kβ2 negatively regulates biosynthesis of phytohormone salicylic acid (SA), a key player in plant immune responses. The study focused on the effect of PI4Kβ1/PI4Kβ2 deficiency and SA level on the proteome of microsomal fraction.

Interaction Interface of Mason-Pfizer Monkey Virus Matrix and Envelope Proteins.

Retroviral envelope glycoprotein (Env) is essential for the specific recognition of the host cell and the initial phase of infection. As reported for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the recruitment of Env into a retroviral membrane envelope is mediated through its interaction with a Gag polyprotein precursor of structural proteins. This interaction, occurring between the matrix domain (MA) of Gag and the cytoplasmic tail (CT) of the transmembrane domain of Env, takes place at the host cell plasma membrane.

Differences and commonalities in plasma membrane recruitment of the two morphogenetically distinct retroviruses HIV-1 and MMTV.

Retroviral Gag polyproteins are targeted to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane through their N-terminal matrix (MA) domain. Because retroviruses of different morphogenetic types assemble their immature particles in distinct regions of the host cell, the mechanism of MA-mediated plasma membrane targeting differs among distinct retroviral morphogenetic types. Here, we focused on possible mechanistic differences of the MA-mediated plasma membrane targeting of the B-type mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) and C-type HIV-1, which assemble in the cytoplasm and at the plasma membrane, respectively.

Peptide mass mapping in bioapatites isolated from animal bones.

Bioapatite ceramics produced from biogenic sources provide highly attractive materials for the preparation of artificial replacements since such materials are not only more easily accepted by living organisms, but bioapatite isolated from biowaste such as xenogeneous bones also provides a low-cost material. Nevertheless, the presence of organic compounds in the bioapatite may lead to a deterioration in its quality and may trigger an undesirable immune response. Therefore, procedures which ensure the elimination of organic compounds through bioapatite isolation are being subjected to intense investigation and the presence of remaining organic impurities is being determined through the application of various methods.

Mapping of Plasma Membrane Proteins Interacting With Flotillin 2.

Arabidopsis flotillin 2 (At5g25260) belongs to the group of plant flotillins, which are not well characterized. In contrast, metazoan flotillins are well known as plasma membrane proteins associated with membrane microdomains that act as a signaling hub. The similarity of plant and metazoan flotillins, whose functions most likely consist of affecting other proteins via protein-protein interactions, determines the necessity of detecting their interacting partners in plants.

Whole-Cell MALDI-TOF MS Versus 16S rRNA Gene Analysis for Identification and Dereplication of Recurrent Bacterial Isolates.

Many ecological experiments are based on the extraction and downstream analyses of microorganisms from different environmental samples. Due to its high throughput, cost-effectiveness and rapid performance, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Time-of-Flight detector (MALDI-TOF MS), which has been proposed as a promising tool for bacterial identification and classification, could be advantageously used for dereplication of recurrent bacterial isolates. In this study, we compared whole-cell MALDI-TOF MS-based analyses of 49 bacterial cultures to two well-established bacterial identification and classification methods based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses: a phylotype-based approach, using a closest type strain assignment, and a sequence similarity-based approach involving a 98.

Novel Method for Reliable Identification of Siccibacter and Franconibacter Strains: from "Pseudo-Cronobacter" to New Enterobacteriaceae Genera.

In the last decade, strains of the genera and have been misclassified as first and later Because is a serious foodborne pathogen that affects premature neonates and elderly individuals, such misidentification may not only falsify epidemiological statistics but also lead to tests of powdered infant formula or other foods giving false results. Currently, the main ways of identifying and strains are by biochemical testing or by sequencing of the gene as part of multilocus sequence typing (MLST), but in relation to these strains the former is generally highly difficult and unreliable while the latter remains expensive. To address this, we developed a fast, simple, and most importantly, reliable method for and identification based on intact-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

The potential of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the identification of biogroups of Cronobacter sakazakii.

Rationale: The bacterial genus Cronobacter was established quite recently, in 2008. Therefore, its systematic classification is still in progress as well as the risk assessment of Cronobacter strains. The possibility of rapid identification within the biogroup level has an essential epidemiological significance.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-time of flight mass spectrometry- and MALDI biotyper-based identification of cultured biphenyl-metabolizing bacteria from contaminated horseradish rhizosphere soil.

Bacteria that are able to utilize biphenyl as a sole source of carbon were extracted and isolated from polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated soil vegetated by horseradish. Isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The usage of MALDI Biotyper for the classification of isolates was evaluated and compared to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.

Expression and purification of myristoylated matrix protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus for NMR and MS measurements.

Matrix proteins play multiple roles both in early and late stages of the viral replication cycle. Their N-terminal myristoylation is important for interaction with the host cell membrane during virus budding. We used Escherichia coli, carrying N-myristoyltransferase gene, for the expression of the myristoylated His-tagged matrix protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus.