Transcriptomic Analysis of Macrophage Polarization Protocols: Vitamin D or IL-4 and IL-13 Do Not Polarize THP-1 Monocytes into Reliable M2 Macrophages.

Two main types of macrophages (Mφ) include inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages. These cells can be obtained in vitro by polarization of monocytic cell lines using various stimuli. Since there is currently no consensus on the best method for the acquisition of reliable M1 and M2 macrophages from the THP-1 cell line, we decided to compare three different polarization protocols at the transcriptomic level.

Dextran Sulphate Sodium Acute Colitis Rat Model: A Suitable Tool for Advancing Our Understanding of Immune and Microbial Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of disorders causing inflammation in the digestive tract. Recent data suggest that dysbiosis may play a pivotal role in the IBD pathogenesis. As microbiome-based therapeutics that modulate the gut ecology have been proposed as a novel strategy for preventing IBD, the aim of presenting study was to evaluate the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) rat model mainly in terms of microbial shifts to confirm its suitability for dysbiosis study in IBD.

Single Donor FMT Reverses Microbial/Immune Dysbiosis and Induces Clinical Remission in a Rat Model of Acute Colitis.

Deviation in the gut microbial composition is involved in various pathologies, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) can act as a promising approach to treat IBD by which changes in microbiome can be reversed and homeostasis restored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of FMT on the remission of acute inflammatory response using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced rat colitis model.

Combination of photoactive hypericin and Manumycin A exerts multiple anticancer effects on oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cells.

The use of natural products as chemotherapeutic agents and tools for manipulation of apoptosis represent an attractive therapeutic concept. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activities of a combination of two natural compounds with different origin, hypericin (plant product) in its photoactive state and Manumycin A (yeast product) and explored the underlying mechanisms of their pro-apoptotic action using an oxaliplatin-resistant variant of human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29-OxR as the experimental model. CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the drugs.

A Novel Lactic Acid Bacteria Mixture: Macrophage-Targeted Prophylactic Intervention in Colorectal Cancer Management.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common forms of cancer. Its onset from chronic inflammation is widely accepted. Moreover, dysbiosis plays an undeniable role, thus the use of probiotics in CRC has been suggested.