Next-generation sequencing in the molecular classification of endometrial carcinomas: Experience with 270 cases suggesting a potentially more aggressive clinical behavior of multiple classifier endometrial carcinomas.

Molecular classification of endometrial carcinomas (EC) divides these neoplasms into four distinct subgroups based on their molecular background. Given its clinical significance, genetic examination is becoming integral to the diagnostic process. This study aims to share our experience with the molecular classification of EC using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Advantages of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the molecular classifi cation of endometrial carcinomas - our experience with 270 cases.

Objective: Molecular classification of endometrial carcinomas (EC) divides these neoplasms into four distinct subgroups defined by a molecular background. Given its proven clinical significance, genetic examination is becoming an integral component of the diagnostic procedure. Recommended diagnostic algorithms comprise molecular genetic testing of the POLE gene, whereas the remaining parameters are examined solely by immunohistochemistry.

Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Bambus[6]urils Utilizing Orthogonal Protection of Glycolurils.

A general strategy for the synthesis of 2,4'-disubstituted glycoluril enantiomers on a multigram scale using orthogonal protection is reported. The use of these glycolurils is demonstrated in the synthesis of enantiomerically pure bambus[6]uril macrocycles. Moreover, the deprotection of ()-1-phenylethyl substituents on the macrocycle was achieved, opening access to various chiral bambus[6]urils post-macrocyclization modification strategy.

Organogel delivery vehicles for the stabilization of organolithium reagents.

Organolithium reagents are a vital tool in modern organic chemistry, enabling the synthesis of carbon-carbon bonds. However, due to their high reactivity, low temperatures, inert atmospheres and strictly dried solvents are usually necessary for their use. Here we report an encapsulating method for the stabilization of sensitive organolithium reagents-PhLi, n-BuLi and s-BuLi-in a low-cost hexatriacontane (CH) organogel.

Monofunctionalized Fluorinated Bambusurils and Their Conjugates for Anion Transport and Extraction.

Bambusurils are macrocyclic molecules that are known for their high binding affinity and selectivity toward anions. Here, we present the preparation of two bambusurils bearing fluorinated substituents and one carboxylic function. These monofunctionalized bambusurils were conjugated with crown ether and cholesterol units.

Self-Assembling Supramolecular Hybrid Hydrogel Beads.

With the goal of imposing shape and structure on supramolecular gels, we combine a low-molecular-weight gelator (LMWG) with the polymer gelator (PG) calcium alginate in a hybrid hydrogel. By imposing thermal and temporal control of the orthogonal gelation methods, the system either forms an extended interpenetrating network or core-shell-structured gel beads-a rare example of a supramolecular gel formulated inside discrete gel spheres. The self-assembled LMWG retains its unique properties within the beads, such as remediating Pd and reducing it in situ to yield catalytically active Pd nanoparticles.

Correction: Palladium-scavenging self-assembled hybrid hydrogels - reusable highly-active green catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C8SC04561E.].

Rearrangement of meta-Bridged Calix[4]arenes Promoted by Internal Strain.

The meta-bridged calixarenes possess a rigidified and highly distorted cavity, where the additional single-bond bridge imposes an extreme internal strain on the whole system. As a consequence, these compounds exhibit a reasonably amended reactivity, compared with common calix[4]arene derivatives, which is governed by the release of internal strain. This can be documented by the reaction of the bridged calix[4]arene with PO or Nafion-H, leading (apart from polymers) to a macrocyclic product with a rearranged basic skeleton.

Self-Assembled Gels Formed in Deep Eutectic Solvents: Supramolecular Eutectogels with High Ionic Conductivity.

1,3:2,4-Dibenzylidene-d-sorbitol (DBS), a simple, commercially relevant compound, was found to self-assemble as a result of intermolecular noncovalent interactions into supramolecular gels in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on choline chloride combined with alcohols/ureas. DBS formed gels at a loading of 5 % w/v. Rheology confirmed the gel-like nature of the materials, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction indicated underpinning nanofibrillar DBS networks, and differential scanning calorimetry showed the DES nature of the liquid-like phase was retained.

Palladium-scavenging self-assembled hybrid hydrogels - reusable highly-active green catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions.

A hybrid hydrogel based on 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidene sorbitol (DBS) modified with acyl hydrazides combined with agarose was used for reduction and binding of palladium from aqueous mixtures without the need for an external reducing agent. Palladium uptake was monitored and the formation of Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) trapped within the gel and located close to the nanofibres was confirmed. This gel effectively scavenges palladium from solution to concentrations < 0.

Inherently Chiral Upper-Rim-Bridged Calix[4]arenes Possessing a Seven Membered Ring.

The mercuration of calix[4]arene immobilized in the cone conformation allowed the introduction of an amino group at the meta position of the basic skeleton. Acylation and subsequent intramolecular Bischler-Napieralski-type cyclization led to a novel type of bridged calixarene containing a seven-membered ring. These compounds with an enlarged and rigidified cavity represent a unique and inherently chiral system that may potentially be applicable for the design of chiral receptors.

Sequence-Selective Synthesis of Rotacatenane Isomers.

Rotacatenane is an interlocked compound composed of two mechanically interlocked macrocyclic components, i.e., a [2]catenane, and one axle component.

Synthesis of inherently chiral calixarenes via direct mercuration of the partial cone conformation.

Direct mercuration of calix[4]arene immobilized in the partial cone conformation led to the meta-substituted isomer which was subsequently subjected to Pd-catalysed coupling (C-H activation) with the neighbouring aromatic subunit. Regioselective mercuration thus enabled access to a novel type of inherently chiral calixarenes with a highly distorted cavity potentially applicable to the design of new chiral receptors.

Intramolecularly Bridged Calix[4]arenes with Pronounced Complexation Ability toward Neutral Compounds.

Regioselective derivatization via an organomercury intermediate allowed for the introduction of carboxylic acid functionality into the meta position of the calix[4]arene skeleton. Intramolecular Friedel-Crafts cyclization led to a novel type of calixarene containing a ketone bridging moiety. Subsequent attack of the ketone by organometallic compounds occurred selectively from outside providing tertiary alcohols with the OH group oriented inside the cavity.

Regioselective alkylation of a methylene group via meta-bridging of calix[4]arenes.

The meta-iodo derivative, fixed in the cone conformation, enables the gram-scale preparation of a meta-bridged calix[4]arene. This intermediate, possessing a fluorene moiety within the macrocyclic skeleton, can be regioselectively alkylated on the corresponding methylene bridge to form a unique substitution pattern in classical calixarene chemistry.

Meta-arylation of calixarenes using organomercurial chemistry.

A direct mercuration reaction combined with a subsequent Pd-catalyzed arylation was used to introduce the aryl moiety into the meta position of the calix[4]arene skeleton. The application of organomercurial intermediates thus allows the straightforward formation of meta-aryl-substituted derivatives representing a unique substitution pattern in calixarene chemistry.

meta-Bridged calix[4]arenes: a straightforward synthesis via organomercurial chemistry.

The regioselective mercuration of tetraalkylated calix[4]arenes with Hg(OCOCF3)2 leads to the formation of meta-substituted products which enabled Pd-catalysed intramolecular bridging within the calixarene skeleton. Bridged derivatives represent a completely novel substitution pattern in calixarene chemistry with extremely distorted cavities and possible applications in supramolecular chemistry.

The use of trigonometry in bloodstain analysis.

Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) is a valid forensic method which belongs to the category of biological methods using trigonomic models. Despite its development through the years, the method has been re-formulated a standard one and globally used, recognized in standard sheets. This method permits exact analysis of the dynamic and characteristic properties of bloodstains after impact on surfaces such as floors, walls, and ceilings, various exterior and interior items, and clothes.

Unprecedented meta-substitution of calixarenes: direct way to inherently chiral derivatives.

Electrophilic aromatic substitution in the calix[n]arene series is a well-established procedure leading exclusively to para-substituted derivatives. An unprecedented regioselectivity of the mercuration reaction leading to the meta-substituted calix[4]arenes is described. These compounds represent a new type of substitution pattern in classical calixarene chemistry and open the door for the straightforward synthesis of inherently chiral receptors based on calixarenes.

Influence of organic versus inorganic dietary selenium supplementation on the concentration of selenium in colostrum, milk and blood of beef cows.

Background: Selenium (Se) is important for the postnatal development of the calf. In the first weeks of life, milk is the only source of Se for the calf and insufficient level of Se in the milk may lead to Se deficiency. Maternal Se supplementation is used to prevent this.