Organophosphates as Versatile Substrates in Organic Synthesis.

This review summarizes the applications of organophosphates in organic synthesis. After a brief introduction, it discusses cross-coupling reactions, including both transition-metal-catalyzed and transition-metal-free substitution reactions. Subsequently, oxidation and reduction reactions are described.

Tuning the Photophysical Properties of Flavins by Attaching an Aryl Moiety via Direct C-C Bond Coupling.

Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki reactions of brominated flavin derivatives (5-deazaflavins, alloxazines, and isoalloxazines) with boronic acids or boronic acid esters that occur readily under mild conditions were shown to be an effective tool for the synthesis of a broad range of 7/8-arylflavins. In general, the introduction of an aryl/heteroaryl group by means of a direct C-C bond has been shown to be a promising approach to tuning the photophysical properties of flavin derivatives. The aryl substituents caused a bathochromic shift in the absorption spectra of up to 52 nm and prolonged the fluorescence lifetime by up to 1 order of magnitude.

Recent Progress Concerning the -Arylation of Indoles.

This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art procedures in terms of the preparation of -arylindoles. After a short introduction, the transition-metal-free procedures available for the -arylation of indoles are briefly discussed. Then, the nickel-catalyzed and palladium-catalyzed -arylation of indoles are both discussed.

Formation of trisubstituted buta-1,3-dienes and α,β-unsaturated ketones the reaction of functionalized vinyl phosphates and vinyl phosphordiamidates with organometallic reagents.

We studied the reactions of vinyl phosphates and vinyl phosphordiamidates containing an ester functional group with organometallic reagents. We found that the functionalized vinyl phosphates were smoothly converted into tri- and tetrasubstituted buta-1,3-dienes the reaction with aryllithium reagents. Moreover, the vinyl phosphordiamidates were converted into α,β-unsaturated ketones using Grignard reagents.