Phenotypic diversity of Erwinia amylovora in Bulgaria.

Fifty-one strains of Erwinia amylovora isolated from nine host plants in Bulgaria were characterized phenotypically and identified by the API 20E and BIOLOG system. The identification was confirmed by PCR amplification of a specific region of the plasmid pEA29 and the genome ams region. The phenotypic diversity of the strains was studied on the basis of their API 20E and BIOLOG metabolic profiles, as well as of their SDS-PAGE protein profile.

New host plants of Erwinia amylovora in Bulgaria.

Nine strains of Erwinia amylovora were isolated from new host plants in Bulgaria--chokeberry and strawberry. The strains were characterized morphologically and biochemically using the API 20E and BIOLOG system. It was established that they showed three different API 20E metabolic profiles, not found by previous studies of E.

Identification of Carnobacterium species by restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16S-23S rRNA gene intergenic spacer region and species-specific PCR.

The genus Carnobacterium is currently divided into the following eight species: Carnobacterium piscicola, C. divergens, C. gallinarum, C.

Differentiation of closely related Carnobacterium food isolates based on 16S-23S ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region polymorphism.

A novel strategy for identification of Carnobacterium food isolates based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of PCR-amplified 16S-23S ribosomal intergenic spacer regions (ISRs) was developed. PCR amplification from all Carnobacterium strains studied always yielded three ISR amplicons, which were designated the small ISR (S-ISR), the medium ISR (M-ISR), and the large ISR (L-ISR). The lengths of these ISRs varied from one species to another.