Investigation of the gastric digestion behavior of commercial infant formulae using an dynamic infant digestion model.

The gastric digestion behavior of different commercial Stage 1 infant formulae (for 0-6 months) with different formulation backgrounds was investigated using an dynamic infant human gastric simulator (iHGS). The microstructural arrangements of the protein and lipid, colloidal stability and protein hydrolysis during digestion were elucidated. During gastric digestion, casein-dominant formulations showed a higher extent of aggregation due to their high proportion of casein micelles that underwent coagulation upon acidification and via the action of pepsin.

Where is the baby in core knowledge?

What we know about what babies know - as represented by the core knowledge proposal - is perhaps missing a place for the baby itself. By studying the baby as an actor rather than an observer, we can better understand the origins of human intelligence as an interface between perception and action, and how humans think and learn about themselves in a complex world.

Differences in cell shape, motility, and growth reflect chromosomal number variations that can be visualized with live-cell ChReporters.

Chromosome numbers often change dynamically in tumors and cultured cells, which complicates therapy as well as understanding genotype-mechanotype relationships. Here we use a live-cell "ChReporter" method to identify cells with a single chromosomal loss in efforts to better understand differences in cell shape, motility, and growth. We focus on a standard cancer line and first show clonal populations that retain the ChReporter exhibit large differences in cell and nuclear morphology as well as motility.

Gastric digestion of cow milk, almond milk and oat milk in rats.

In this study, gastric digestion of isocaloric and iso-macronutrient cow milk, almond milk and oat milk were compared in rats euthanized at different post-feeding times. The cow milk separated into a curd phase and a liquid phase in the rat stomach. This coagulation of the cow milk led to higher ( < 0.

A digital approach to asthma self-management in adults: Protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.

Asthma self-management can improve symptom control, but adherence to established self-management behaviors is often poor. With adult asthma uncontrolled in over 60% of U.S.

Salmon food matrix influences digestion and bioavailability of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The natural structure of whole food plays an important role in the physiological impact of bioactive compounds present within the food, also known as the "matrix effect". Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFAs) are one example of a food-derived nutrient, mostly found in fish, that is believed to be influenced by the food matrix. However, most previous studies have compared only the long-term bioavailability of fish versus fish oil and have used commercial sources of fish oil.

Latent Lyme Disease Resulting in Chronic Arthritis and Early Career Termination in a United States Army Officer.

Lyme disease is a continuing threat to military personnel operating in arboriferous and mountainous environments. Here we present the case of a 24-year-old Second Lieutenant, a recent graduate from the United States Military Academy, with a history of Lyme disease who developed recurrent knee effusions following surgery to correct a hip impingement. Although gonococcal arthritis was initially suspected from preliminary laboratory results, a comprehensive evaluation contradicted this diagnosis.

Adaptation of intestinal fermentation over time in the growing pig is influenced by the amount of kiwi fruit consumed.

The effect of kiwi fruit at two dietary levels on the adaptation of intestinal fermentation over time in the growing pig was studied. A semi-synthetic fibre-free diet and two semi-synthetic diets containing kiwi fruit as a model fibre source (133 or 266 g/kg (DM basis); 28 or 48 g fibre/kg) were formulated and the diets contained titanium dioxide as an indigestible marker. A total of fourteen ileal cannulated pigs (41 kg body weight) were fed the fibre-free diet for 7 d followed by either the low or high kiwi fruit-containing diets (n 7/diet) for a further 44 d.