In Vitro Inhibition of Enzymes and Antioxidant and Chemical Fingerprinting Characteristics of Ruiz & Pav. Fruits, an Endemic Plant of the Valdivian Forest of Chile.

The World Health Organization has emphasized the importance of consuming small fruits for the prevention of chronic health problems, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and obesity, which are named chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Ruiz & Pav., commonly called "aroma de Castilla", is a shrub endemic to Chile from the Salicaceae family that produces an underutilized blue-grey berry that grows wild in southern Chile.

Influence of fractionation of polyphenols by membrane chromatography on antioxidant, antimicrobial and proliferation-inhibiting effects of red fruit juices.

Interest in fruit juice extracts as nutraceuticals is constantly increasing due to their health-beneficial properties, mainly caused by polyphenols. However, the correlation between the various effects of fruit juice extracts and their individual composition, including anthocyanins and copigments, is unknown. Therefore, in the present study, eight red fruit juice extracts were prepared using XAD-7 column chromatography, followed by fractionation and identification of the different compounds as well as characterization of their health-promoting effects.

Stearidonic acid improves eicosapentaenoic acid status: studies in humans and cultured hepatocytes.

Background: Ahiflower oil from the seeds of is rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) and stearidonic acid (SDA). ALA and SDA are potential precursor fatty acids for the endogenous synthesis of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are n3-long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-LC-PUFAS), in humans. Since taurine, an amino sulfonic acid, is often associated with tissues rich in n3-LC-PUFAS (e.

Sustainable In Silico-Supported Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Oligomeric Stilbenoids from Grapevine Roots Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) and Stability Study of Potential Ready-to-Use Extracts.

Grapevine roots, as a side-stream of a vineyard, are a sustainable resource for the recovery of oligomeric stilbenoids, such as the bioactive r-viniferin. The aim of this study is to evaluate an in silico-supported method, based on the Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS), for selection of environmentally friendly natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) with regard to the extraction of grapevine roots. The most suitable NADES system for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of r-viniferin was choline chloride/1,2-propanediol.

In Silico-Assisted Isolation of -Resveratrol and -ε-Viniferin from Grapevine Canes and Their Sustainable Extraction Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES).

Grapevine canes are an important source of bioactive compounds, such as stilbenoids. This study aimed to evaluate an in silico method, based on the Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) to isolate stilbenoids from a grapevine cane extract by high-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC). For the following extraction of resveratrol and ε-viniferin from grapevine canes, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) were used as an environmentally friendly alternative to the traditionally used organic solvents.

A Comparison between High-Performance Countercurrent Chromatography and Fast-Centrifugal Partition Chromatography for a One-Step Isolation of Flavonoids from Peanut Hulls Supported by a Conductor like Screening Model for Real Solvents.

Peanut hulls (, ), which are a side stream of global peanut processing, are rich in bioactive flavonoids such as luteolin, eriodictyol, and 5,7-dihydroxychromone. This study aimed to isolate these flavonoid derivatives by liquid-liquid chromatography with as few steps as possible. To this end, luteolin, eriodictyol and 5,7-dihydroxychromone were isolated from peanut hulls using two different techniques, high-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) and fast-centrifugal partition chromatography (FCPC).

Polyphenol-Rich Beverage Consumption Affecting Parameters of the Lipid Metabolism in Healthy Subjects.

Polyphenols are a diverse and widely distributed class of secondary metabolites, which possess numerous beneficial properties including a modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This placebo-controlled human intervention study was performed to explore effects of polyphenol-rich beverage (PRB) uptake on lipid metabolism, as well as DNA integrity. In this case, 36 healthy men were randomly divided to consume either 750 mL of a PRB (containing 51% chokeberry, cranberry, and pomegranate) or a placebo drink daily for eight weeks.

Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling of ssp. Extracts Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Ion Mobility Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

A wide range of secondary metabolites has been described for various species, including the sweet-tasting phenyldihydroisocoumarin phyllodulcin, which is found in the leaves of ssp. . This work aims at the development and validation of an analytical workflow for comprehensive semi-polar metabolite profiling using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-IMS-QToF-MS) to complement existing analytical studies.

Target-Guided Isolation of Progenitors of 1,1,6-Trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN) from Riesling Wine by High-Performance Countercurrent Chromatography.

High-performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) was used for the target-guided isolation of precursors of 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN) from Riesling wine. In separated HPCCC fractions of an Amberlite XAD-2 extract obtained from a German Riesling, TDN-generating fractions were identified by the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the progenitors at pH 3.0 and subsequent HS-GC-MS/MS analysis.

Variability of Constitutive Stilbenoid Levels and Profiles in Grape Cane ( L.) Depending upon Variety and Clone, Location in the Vineyard, Pruning Time, and Vintage.

Stilbenoids in grape cane ( L.) are bioactive compounds relevant for plant defense and the potential valorization of this byproduct. Our screening of grape cane from 102 varieties showed constitutive stilbenoid levels in a wide range (557-7748 mg/kg of dry weight).

Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Lingonberry ( L.): Extraction, Chemical Characterization, Fractionation and Cellular Antioxidant Activity.

Lingonberries contain high contents of bioactive compounds such as chlorogenic acids and anthocyanins. In addition to radical scavenging and antioxidant activities, these compounds can protect cells from DNA damage. For this reason, lingonberries might be well suited for nutraceuticals or natural biomedicines.

Fractionation of Extracts from Black Chokeberry, Cranberry, and Pomegranate to Identify Compounds That Influence Lipid Metabolism.

Polyphenols show a spectrum of bioactive effects, including an influence on lipid metabolism. In this study, we performed activity-guided fractionations of black chokeberry (aronia), cranberry, and pomegranate extracts to identify the biologically active compounds. The extracts were prepared from fruit juice concentrates with the adsorbent resin Amberlite XAD-7 and were separated into a copigment and an anthocyanin fraction, followed by fractionation into a polymer and monomeric fraction by means of hexane precipitation.

Shifts in biochemical and physiological responses by the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Triticum aestivum growing under drought conditions.

Background: A decrease in rainfall is one of the main constraints on wheat production, although the association of wheat with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may be an alternative for crop production under drought conditions. In the present study, we used three wheat cultivars (Purple, Ilustre and Maxi Baer) inoculated with two AMF strains, one obtained from the hyperarid Atacama Desert (northern Chile; Fm) and the other obtained from southern Chile (Cc). Plants were maintained under two irrigation conditions (normal irrigation and drought) and the physiological behaviour and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities in the shoots were determined.

The complexity of sound quantification of specialized metabolite biosynthesis: The stress related impact on the alkaloid content of Catharanthus roseus.

Medicinal plants grown under stress conditions reveal higher concentrations of relevant specialized metabolites than well-watered plants, putatively due to an enhanced biosynthesis. Yet, stress also reduced the biomass gain. Accordingly, the concentration increase in comparison to control plants could also be due to lesser biomass employed as the reference value, whereas the rate of biosynthesis may remain unchanged.

HPLC-DAD-MS and Antioxidant Profile of Fractions from Amontillado Sherry Wine Obtained Using High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography.

In the present work, the polyphenolic profile of a complex matrix such as Amontillado sherry has been processed by means of high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS. An Amberlite XAD-7 column was used to obtain the wine extract, and three different biphasic solvent systems were applied for HSCCC separation: MTBE (methyl -butyl ether)/n-butanol/acetonitrile/water (1.1/3/1.

Carbohydrate Hydrolase-Inhibitory Activity of Juice-Based Phenolic Extracts in Correlation to Their Anthocyanin/Copigment Profile.

Red fruits and their juices are rich sources of polyphenols, especially anthocyanins. Some studies have shown that such polyphenols can inhibit enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase, that indirectly regulate blood sugar levels. The presented study examined the in vitro inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase of various phenolic extracts prepared from direct juices, concentrates, and purees of nine different berries which differ in their anthocyanin and copigment profile.

Pomegranate ( L.) Extract and Its Anthocyanin and Copigment Fractions-Free Radical Scavenging Activity and Influence on Cellular Oxidative Stress.

Secondary plant metabolites, e.g., polyphenols, are widely known as health-improving compounds that occur in natural functional foods such as pomegranates.

Rapid UV/Vis Spectroscopic Dye Authentication Assay for the Determination and Classification of Reactive Dyes, Pigments, and Natural Dyes in Coloring Foodstuff.

Food authenticity in the field of food dyes can be interpreted as the correctness of the coloring ingredients indicated. The Rapid UV/vis Spectroscopic Dye Authentication Assay (RaSDAY) presented in this work was used to verify the authenticity of water-soluble reddish colorings for food use. RaSDAY includes the processing of samples under different experimental conditions with pH variations and heat exposure.

In Vitro Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE 3B) by Anthocyanin-Rich Fruit Juice Extracts and Selected Anthocyanins.

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are essential enzymes for the regulation of pathways mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Secondary plant compounds like anthocyanins (ACs) can inhibit PDE activity and, consequently, may be beneficial for lipid metabolism. This study investigated 18 AC-rich juice extracts and pure reference compounds from red fruits for potential inhibitory effects on PDE 3B activity.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloid profiling of four Boraginaceae species from Northern Germany and implications for the analytical scope proposed for monitoring of maximum levels.

Unlabelled: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and their corresponding -oxides (PANOs) have been determined in food and feed at levels relevant for consumer health. More than 660 different PAs have been detected, but few are available as reference substances for analytical demands. In the context of the European legislation on maximum levels of PAs in food products, a defined analytical scope of 21 PAs for determination has been suggested.

Impact of Rootstock, Clonal Selection, and Berry Size of sp. Riesling on the Formation of TDN, Vitispiranes, and Other Volatile Compounds.

The C-norisoprenoid aroma compounds 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN) and biosynthetically related vitispirane (VS) are important contributors to the varietal aroma of Riesling wines and are released from glycosidically bound carotenoid breakdown products during bottle aging. TDN is appreciated by numerous winemakers, particularly in aged Riesling wines. Higher levels of TDN, however, are perceived as a "petrol" off-flavor, which is expected to increase due to ongoing climate change.

The 10th international conference on countercurrent chromatography held at Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany, August 1-3, 2018.

The 10th International Countercurrent Chromatography Conference (CCC 2018) was held at Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany, from August 1st-3rd, 2018. The presentations in the scientific program demonstrated the progress in the field of countercurrent chromatography (CCC) and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) in recent years and numerous applications have impressively proven the potential of this all-liquid separation technique not only for academic research but also for industry. Special highlights of the conference were the celebration of the 90th birthday of Dr.

Phenolic Composition, Radical Scavenging Activity and an Approach for Authentication of Aronia melanocarpa Berries, Juice, and Pomace.

Aronia melanocarpa is a rich source of phenolic compounds like anthocyanins, chlorogenic acids, quercetin derivatives, and proanthocyanidins possessing strong antioxidative potential. The consumption of A. melanocarpa is actually increasing because of the known bioactivity of its phenolic constituents.