Evaluation of a Video-Based Concept for Hand Hygiene Education of Parents in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Current clinical guidelines support family-centered care in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). This implies parents should also be involved in the most critical patient safety measures. Hand hygiene is the single most important tool to prevent healthcare-associated infections and related long-term effects.

Evidence-based hand hygiene: Liquid or gel handrub, does it matter?

Background: Recent studies put under scrutiny the prevailing hand hygiene guidelines, which incorporate quantitative parameters regarding handrub volume and hand size. Understanding the criticality of complete (i.e.

The association between shift patterns and the quality of hand antisepsis in a neonatal intensive care unit: An observational study.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections represent a major burden in neonatal intensive care units. Hand antisepsis is the most important tool for prevention, however, compliance among healthcare workers remains low.

Objectives: To prospectively evaluate the influence of different work shifts (extended working hours, night shifts) on the quality of healthcare workers' hand antisepsis.

Peripheral Lymphocyte Multidrug Resistance Activity as a Predictive Tool of Biological Therapeutic Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: Multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters may be used as biomarkers to monitor disease progression in RA and as a predictive tool to establish responsiveness to biological therapy. In this multicenter clinical trial, we aimed to assess the predictive value of activity measurement of transporters MDR1, MD resistance protein (MRP)1, and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) for biological therapeutic response in RA before the initiation of biological therapy as well as 4 to 6 and 12 weeks after.

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 27 responders and 12 nonresponders to biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) at the indicated timepoints as well as from 35 healthy controls.

Determination of Reference Values of MDR-ABC Transporter Activities in CD3+ Lymphocytes of Healthy Volunteers Using a Flow Cytometry Based Method.

Background: MDR transporters are important biomarkers of drug resistance in cancer and in autoimmune conditions. We determined the MDR1, MRP1 and BCRP activity in CD3+ lymphocytes using a flow cytometry based method from 120 healthy volunteers in order to describe normal reference values of the activity of these transporters. The effects of gender and age were also determined.

Investigating ABCB1-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions: Considerations for In vitro and In vivo Assay Design.

Background: ABCB1 is a key ABC efflux transporter modulating the pharmacokinetics of a large percentage of drugs. ABCB1 is also a site of transporter mediated drug-drug interactions (tDDI). It is the transporter most frequently tested for tDDIs both in vitro and in the clinic.

mRNA levels of related Abcb genes change opposite to each other upon histone deacetylase inhibition in drug-resistant rat hepatoma cells.

The multidrug-resistant phenotype of tumor cells is acquired via an increased capability of drug efflux by ABC transporters and causes serious problems in cancer treatment. With the aim to uncover whether changes induced by epigenetic mechanisms in the expression level of drug transporter genes correlates with changes in the drug resistance phenotypes of resistant cells, we studied the expression of drug transporters in rat hepatoma cell lines. We found that of the three major rat ABC transporter genes Abcb1a, Abcb1b and Abcc1 the activity of only Abcb1b increased significantly in colchicine-selected, drug-resistant cells.

MDR-ABC transporters: biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis.

MDR-ABC transporters are widely expressed in cell types relevant to pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Many reports demonstrate the interaction of small molecule drugs with MDR-ABC transporters. Cell-based assays for disease relevant cell types can be easily gated and could reveal specific drug targets and may increase significance and utilisation of data in clinical practice.

Comparison of 3 assay systems using a common probe substrate, calcein AM, for studying P-gp using a selected set of compounds.

The multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) transporter is the most abundantly investigated adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter protein. Multiple assay systems were developed to study MDR1-mediated transport and possible drug-drug interactions. Yet, as different probe substrates are used in these assays, it is difficult to directly compare the results.