Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an adapted ACT intervention (BrainACT) in people who experience anxiety and/or depressive symptoms following acquired brain injury.
Methods: The study is a multicentre randomized controlled two-arm parallel trial. In total, 72 people who survived a stroke or traumatic brain injury were randomized into an eight-session ACT or control (i.
Background: There are different definitions of periprocedural myocardial infarction (PPMI) both in terms of thresholds for cardiac biomarkers and the ancillary criteria for myocardial ischemia. Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) and cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) are used interchangeably to diagnose PPMI.
Objectives: This study evaluated the frequency of periprocedural myocardial injury and infarction as defined by the Society of Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions (SCAI), the Academic Research Consortium-2 (ARC-2), and the 4th Universal definition of MI (4UDMI) stratified using cTnT versus cTnI, among patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and unstable angina.
Based on the latest knowledge and technological advancements, it is still debatable whether a modern revascularisation approach in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), including complete revascularisation (in patients with significant non-culprit lesions) with newer-generation highly biocompatible drug-eluting stents, requires prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). TARGET-FIRST (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04753749) is a prospective, open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled study comparing short (one month) DAPT versus standard (12 months) DAPT in a population of patients with non-ST/ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, completely revascularised at index or staged procedure (within 7 days), using Firehawk, an abluminal in-groove biodegradable polymer rapamycin-eluting stent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The successful development of multiple COVID-19 vaccines has led to a global vaccination effort to reduce severe COVID-19 infection and mortality. However, the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines wane over time leading to breakthrough infections where vaccinated individuals experience a COVID-19 infection. Here we estimate the risks of breakthrough infection and subsequent hospitalization in individuals with common comorbidities who had completed an initial vaccination series.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The treatment of anxiety and depressive symptoms following acquired brain injury is complex and more evidence-based treatment options are needed. We are currently evaluating the BrainACT intervention; acceptance and commitment therapy for people with acquired brain injury.
Rationale: This paper describes the theoretical underpinning, the development and content of BrainACT.
Introduction: Demonstrated health inequalities persist in the United States. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID) has been no exception, with access to treatment and hospitalization differing across race or ethnic groups. Here, we aim to assess differences in treatment with remdesivir and hospital length of stay across the four waves of the pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care
December 2020
Aims: To determine the frequency and pattern of cardiac complications in patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
Methods And Results: CAPACITY-COVID is an international patient registry established to determine the role of cardiovascular disease in the COVID-19 pandemic. In this registry, data generated during routine clinical practice are collected in a standardised manner for patients with a (highly suspected) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection requiring hospitalisation.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
December 2019
A tenet of conservation palaeobiology is that knowledge of past extinction patterns can help us to better predict future extinctions. Although the future is unobservable, we can test the strength of this proposition by asking how well models conditioned on past observations would have predicted subsequent extinction events at different points in the geological past. To answer this question, we analyse the well-sampled fossil record of Cenozoic planktonic microfossil taxa (Foramanifera, Radiolaria, diatoms and calcareous nanoplankton).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffolds (BVS) were introduced to overcome some of the limitations of drug-eluting stent (DES) for PCI. Data regarding the clinical outcomes of the BVS versus DES beyond 2 years are emerging.
Objective: To study mid-term outcomes.
Background: Several concerns have emerged about the higher risk of very late stent thrombosis (ST) with first generation drug-eluting stent (DES) especially among STEMI patients. Newer generation DES has demonstrated to reduce ST at mid-term follow-up. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to perform an individual patient's data meta-analysis of trials comparing 1st generation DES vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) termination on late and very late scaffold thrombosis (ScT) in patients treated with the Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS).
Methods And Results: Data from the registries of three centres were pooled (808 patients). To investigate the effect of DAPT termination on ScT after a minimum of six months, we selected a subgroup ("DAPT study cohort" with 685 patients) with known DAPT status >6 months and excluded the use of oral anticoagulants and early ScT.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
April 2017
Inferring large-scale processes that drive biodiversity hinges on understanding the phylogenetic and spatial pattern of species richness. However, clades and geographic regions are accumulating newly described species at an uneven rate, potentially affecting the stability of currently observed diversity patterns. Here, we present a probabilistic model of species discovery to assess the uncertainty in diversity levels among clades and regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2015
Determining which biological traits influence differences in extinction risk is vital for understanding the differential diversification of life and for making predictions about species' vulnerability to anthropogenic impacts. Here I present a hierarchical Bayesian survival model of North American Cenozoic mammal species durations in relation to species-level ecological factors, time of origination, and phylogenetic relationships. I find support for the survival of the unspecialized as a time-invariant generalization of trait-based extinction risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPercutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) have become a reliable revascularisation option to treat ischaemic coronary artery disease. Drug-eluting stents (DES) are widely used as first choice devices in many procedures due to their established good medium to long term outcomes. These permanent implants, however, do not have any residual function after vascular healing following the PCI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: Currently, no evidence-based treatment is available for mood problems after stroke. We present a new psychological intervention designed to reduce depressive complaints after stroke.
Method Of Protocol Development: This intervention was based on cognitive behavioural therapy principles and was shown feasible in a pilot study.
Morphological characters are indispensable in phylogenetic analyses for understanding the pattern, process, and tempo of evolution. If characters are independent and free of systematic errors, then combining as many different kinds of characters as are available will result in the best-supported phylogenetic hypotheses. But since morphological characters are subject to natural selection for function and arise from the expression of developmental pathways, they may not be independent, a situation that may amplify any underlying homoplasy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: The clinical outcome of patients treated with the everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold (Absorb BVS) in the ABSORB Cohort A and B studies using mandatory intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging showed encouraging results. The ABSORB EXTEND study aimed to include longer lesions, allow overlap and did not oblige IVUS imaging. We assessed the procedural and short-term clinical outcomes in a cohort including these extended criteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) with thrombectomy (TB) seems to reduce the thrombus burden, resulting in a larger flow area as measured with optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI).
Methods And Results: In a multi-centre study, 141 patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction <12 h from onset were randomized to either PPCI with TB using an Eliminate catheter (TB: n = 71) or without TB (non-TB: n = 70), having operators blinded for the OFDI results. The primary endpoint was minimum flow area (MinFA) post-procedure assessed by OFDI, defined as: [stent area + incomplete stent apposition (ISA) area] - (intraluminal defect + tissue prolapse area).
Background: Crocodilians exhibit a spectrum of rostral shape from long snouted (longirostrine), through to short snouted (brevirostrine) morphologies. The proportional length of the mandibular symphysis correlates consistently with rostral shape, forming as much as 50% of the mandible's length in longirostrine forms, but 10% in brevirostrine crocodilians. Here we analyse the structural consequences of an elongate mandibular symphysis in relation to feeding behaviours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this analysis was to analyze outcomes of patients undergoing Xience V EES treatment of bifurcation lesions, a subset in which treatment is particularly challenging. The SPIRIT V Study provided an evaluation of the Xience V everolimus eluting stent (EES) performance in complex patient and lesion population. The SPIRIT V Single Arm Study enrolled 2700 patients with de novo coronary artery lesions suitable to be optimally treated with a maximum of four planned Xience V EES.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Patients receiving long-term anticoagulant treatment with dabigatran may need to undergo a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We studied markers of coagulation activation during elective PCI in patients using dabigatran in order to investigate whether coagulation activation upon balloon inflation and stenting is suppressed by dabigatran without additional heparin treatment.
Methods And Results: This phase IIa, exploratory, multicentre, randomised, open-label study included 50 stable patients having an elective PCI.
Background: The range of potential morphologies resulting from evolution is limited by complex interacting processes, ranging from development to function. Quantifying these interactions is important for understanding adaptation and convergent evolution. Using three-dimensional reconstructions of carnivoran and dasyuromorph tooth rows, we compared statistical models of the relationship between tooth row shape and the opposing tooth row, a static feature, as well as measures of mandibular motion during chewing (occlusion), which are kinetic features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diabetic patients respond less favorably to revascularization and have poorer long-term outcomes. Our main aim was to evaluate the angiographic efficacy of XIENCE V (everolimus-eluting stent, or EES) in diabetic patients compared with TAXUS Liberté (paclitaxel-eluting stent, or PES).
Methods: The SPIRIT V Diabetic Study was a prospective, single-blind, randomized study that enrolled 324 diabetic (insulin and non-insulin dependent) patients at 28 sites in Europe and Asia Pacific.