Comparison of two different techniques for deepithelialization: a split-mouth case series.

Aim: The aim of the present preliminary study was to observe and make a histologic comparison of connective tissue grafts (CTGs) harvested from the lateral palatal mucosa through the use of two different harvesting techniques.

Materials And Methods: Three patients were enrolled in the study, providing six standardized CTGs. One well-experienced periodontist collected the replacement grafts using two different methods.

Screening of Hydroxyapatite Biomaterials for Alveolar Augmentation Using a Rat Calvaria Critical-Size Defect Model: Bone Formation/Maturation and Biomaterials Resolution.

Background: Natural (bovine-/equine-/porcine-derived) or synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) biomaterials appear to be the preferred technologies among clinicians for bone augmentation procedures in preparation for implant dentistry. The aim of this study was to screen candidate HA biomaterials intended for alveolar ridge augmentation relative to their potential to support local bone formation/maturation and to assess biomaterial resorption using a routine critical-size rat calvaria defect model.

Methods: Eighty adult male Sprague Dawley outbred rats obtained from a approved-breeder, randomized into groups of ten, were used.

Early bone formation around immediately placed two-piece tissue-level zirconia implants with a modified surface: an experimental study in the miniature pig mandible.

Purpose: To histologically examine early bone formation around transmucosal implants and to evaluate the influence of surface characteristics on early peri-implant bone healing using a miniature pig model. For this, commercially available dental implants with a rough zirconia (YTZP) surface were compared to surface-modified Ti control implants at 4 and 8 weeks after placement.

Methods: Immediately following the extraction of six mandibular premolars, 20 two-piece, tissue-level, screw-shaped YTZP implants (Patent™ Standard Zirconia Implant ø4.

Buccal Bone Remodeling Around Immediate Implants in STZ-Induced Diabetic Dogs: A Histologic and Microcomputed Tomographic Analysis.

Buccal bone remodeling around immediate implants placed in animals with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes has not been investigated. The present histologic and microcomputed tomography (μCT) in vivo experiment assessed the buccal bone remodeling around immediate implants, extraction socket healing, and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) in dogs with and without STZ-induced diabetes. Three male beagle dogs with STZ-induced diabetes and three healthy dogs (controls) were included.

Comparison of extraction sites versus artificial defects with xenogenic bone substitute in minipigs.

Objectives: The preclinical evaluation of bone substitutes is frequently performed in artificially created defects. However, such defects do not reflect the predominant clinical application of bone substitutes for socket preservation. Hence, the goal of this animal study was to compare the performance of a xenogenic bone substitute in extraction sites versus artificial defects.

Human Clinical and Histologic Evaluations of Laser-Assisted Periodontal Therapy with a 9.3-μm CO² Laser System.

This investigation was designed to evaluate the healing response of 9.3-μm CO laser-assisted periodontal therapy. Five patients presenting with moderate to severe periodontitis, with an initial pocket depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm and with teeth predetermined to be surgically extracted, were enrolled and consented to treatment with full-mouth CO laser-assisted therapy.

Effect of Sintering on In Vivo Biological Performance of Chemically Deproteinized Bovine Hydroxyapatite.

The influence of the manufacturing process on physicochemical properties and biological performance of xenogenic biomaterials has been extensively studied, but its quantification on bone-to-material contact remains poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different heat treatments of an experimental chemically-deproteinized bovine hydroxyapatite in vivo in terms of new bone formation and osteoconductivity. Protein-free hydroxyapatite from bovine origin was produced under sub-critical conditions and then either sintered at 820 °C or 1200 °C.

Histologic Evaluation of Human Intrabony Periodontal Defects Treated with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral in Combination with Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Case Series.

The aim of this case series was the histologic evaluation of guided tissue regeneration utilizing deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) when regenerative surgery was combined with (test) or without (control) early orthodontic tooth movement. Core biopsy samples were harvested from previously defected sites after 9 months. The histologic section showed integration of DBBM particles in newly formed bone in the apical and middle thirds of the defect, while in the coronal part, graft materials were mainly embedded in connective tissues in the control patient.

AlO Particles on Titanium Dental Implant Systems following Sandblasting and Acid-Etching Process.

Dental implants with moderately rough surfaces show enhanced osseointegration and faster bone healing compared with machined surfaces. The sandblasting and acid-etching (SA) process is one technique to create moderately rough dental implant surfaces. The purpose of this study was to analyse different commercially available implant systems with a SA-modified surface and to explore the widespread notion that they have similar surface properties regarding morphology and cleanliness.

Safety and efficacy of a novel anodized abutment on soft tissue healing in Yucatan mini-pigs.

Background: It is well established that electrochemical anodization of implant surfaces contributes to osseointegration and long-term implant survival. Few studies have investigated its effect on soft tissue healing.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel abutment surface prepared by electrochemical oxidation compared to commercially available machined titanium abutments.

New Bone Formation Using an Extracted Tooth as a Biomaterial: A Case Report with Histologic Evidence.

This case report aims to demonstrate the regenerative potential of particles obtained from a crushed extracted tooth. Following tooth removal, the clean root was ground and the dentin and cementum granules were grafted into a fresh extraction socket for a ridge preservation procedure. After 24 weeks, a successful implant placement was allowed.

Screening of candidate biomaterials for alveolar augmentation using a critical-size rat calvaria defect model.

Objective: To screen candidate biomaterials intended for alveolar augmentation relative to their potential to enhance local bone formation using a routine critical-size (ø8-mm) rat calvaria defect model.

Methods: One hundred and forty male Sprague Dawley outbred rats, age 11-12 weeks, weight 325-375 g, obtained from USDA approved breeder, randomised into 14 groups of 10 animals, each received one of the following treatments: sham-surgery (empty control), Bio-Oss (bovine HA/reference control), or candidate biomaterials including bovine HA, synthetic HA/ß-TCP and calcium phosphate constructs, mineralised/demineralised human bone preparations, a ß-TCP/calcium sulphate and an HA/calcium sulphate putty. A 4-week healing interval was chosen to discern local bone formation using incandescent and polarised light microscopy.

Late Dental Implant Failures Associated with Retained Root Fragments: Case Reports with Histologic and SEM Analysis.

Interest has recently developed in the purposeful retention of root fragments with their periodontal apparatus to support bone and soft tissue at immediate implant sites in the esthetic zone. This methodology is designed to avoid bone grafting, connective tissue grafts, and the use of membranes and may have short-term benefits in terms of tissue preservation. However, it is not completely without long-term risks.

Cartilage Health in Knees Treated with Metal Resurfacing Implants or Untreated Focal Cartilage Lesions: A Preclinical Study in Sheep.

Background: Full-depth cartilage lesions do not heal and the long-term clinical outcome is uncertain. In the symptomatic middle-aged (35-60 years) patient, treatment with metal implants has been proposed. However, the cartilage health surrounding these implants has not been thoroughly studied.

Impact of biomaterial microtopography on bone regeneration: comparison of three hydroxyapatites.

Aims: The primary objective of this study was to compare the in vivo performance, namely in terms of quantity of newly formed bone and bone-to-material contact (osteoconductivity), of three hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials (HA) of different origins (natural or synthetic) or manufacturing process in a sinus lift model in rabbits. The secondary objective was to correlate the findings with the physical and topographical characteristics of the biomaterials.

Materials And Methods: Two bovine HA manufactured with different processes (bovine hydroxyapatites [BHA] and cuttlebone hydroxyapatite [CBHA]) and a synthetic hydroxyapatite (SHA) sintered at high temperature were characterised with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and the measurement of specific surface area (BET).

A Prospective, Case-Controlled Study Evaluating the Use of Enamel Matrix Derivative on Human Buccal Recession Defects: A Human Histologic Examination.

Background: Connective tissue grafts (CTGs) and coronally advanced flaps (CAFs) do not regenerate periodontal attachment apparatus when used to treat gingival recessions (GRs). Instead of generating new bone, cementum, and inserting periodontal ligament fibers, CTG+CAF repairs through a long epithelial junction and connective tissue attachment. Enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) have demonstrated proof-of-principle that periodontal regeneration can be achieved, although data are limited.

Enhancement of the Regenerative Potential of Anorganic Bovine Bone Graft Utilizing a Polyglutamate-Modified BMP2 Peptide with Improved Binding to Calcium-Containing Materials.

Autogenous bone is the gold standard material for bone grafting in craniofacial and orthopedic regenerative medicine. However, due to complications associated with harvesting donor bone, clinicians often use commercial graft materials that may lose their osteoinductivity due to processing. This study was aimed to functionalize one of these materials, anorganic bovine bone (ABB), with osteoinductive peptides to enhance regenerative capacity.

The efficacy of mineralized allograft cortical and cancellous chips in maxillary sinus augmentations.

A mixture of mineralized allograft cortical and cancellous chips was used to augment the maxillary sinuses of 10 patients. Eleven sinus augmentation procedures were performed, and 19 bone cores were obtained at reentry after 6 to 7 months. Computed tomography at 6 months postaugmentation demonstrated bone formation in all sites.

Comparison of two dental implant surface modifications on implants with same macrodesign: an experimental study in the pelvic sheep model.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare two different surfaces of one uniform macro-implant design in order to focus exclusively on the osseointegration properties after 2, 4 and 8 weeks and to discuss the animal model chosen.

Material And Methods: In six mature sheep, n = 36 implants with a highly crystalline and phosphate-enriched anodized titanium oxide surface (TiU) and n = 36 implants with a hydrophilic, sandblasted, large grit and acid-etched surface (SLA) were placed in the pelvic bone. TiU implants were custom-made to match the SLA implant design.

Effect of Platform Shift/Switch on Crestal Bone Levels and Mucosal Profile Following Flapless Surgery and Crestal/Subcrestal Implant Placement.

Background: Crestal remodeling/bone loss appears a common sequel to dental implant placement. Several hypotheses and clinical strategies have been advanced to explain and avert crestal remodeling; however, causative mechanisms remain unclear and the efficacy of clinical protocol uncertain.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to provide a histologic record of crestal versus subcrestal implant placement on crestal remodeling and mucosal profile comparing platform shift/switch and standard abutments following flapless implant surgery using a dog model.

Effect of Platform Shift on Crestal Bone Levels and Mucosal Profile Following Flap Surgery and Subcrestal Implant Placement in Presence/Absence of Gap Defects.

Background: Physiologic remodeling resulting in crestal bone loss appears a common corollary to dental implant surgery. Several hypotheses and clinical strategies have been advanced to explain and avert crestal remodeling; however, causative mechanisms remain unclear and the efficacy of clinical protocols uncertain.

Purpose: The objective of the present study was to provide a histologic account of crestal bone levels and mucosal profile at implant sites receiving platform shift/switch and standard abutments following conventional flap surgery and subcrestal implant placement in presence or absence of crestal gap defects using a dog model.

Recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor BB for reconstruction of human large extraction site defects.

This study investigated the ability of growth factor-enhanced matrices combined with a tenting screw scaffolding system and resorbable membrane to regenerate large alveolar extraction site defects. Eight patients were randomized to treatment either with a bovine or equine matrix mixed in a ratio of 1.0 mL (0.

Effect of Platform Shift/Switch and Concave Abutments on Crestal Bone Levels and Mucosal Profile following Flap and Flapless Implant Surgery.

Background: Crestal remodeling/bone loss appears to be a common sequel to dental implant placement. Several hypotheses/clinical strategies have been proposed to explain/avert crestal remodeling; however, causative mechanisms remain unclear and the efficacy of these clinical approaches uncertain.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to provide a histological account of crestal bone levels and mucosal profile at platform shift/switch and concave abutments following flapless and conventional flap surgery and subcrestal implant placement using a dog model.

Equine-derived bone mineral matrix for maxillary sinus floor augmentation: a clinical, radiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric case series.

The objective of this proof-of-principle multicenter case series was to examine the bone regenerative potential of a newly introduced equine-derived bone mineral matrix (Equimatrix) to provide human sinus augmentation for the purpose of implant placement in the posterior maxilla. There were 10 patients requiring 12 maxillary sinus augmentations enrolled in this study. Histologic results at 6 months demonstrated abundant amounts of vital new bone in intimate contact with residual graft particles.

The socket-shield technique: first histological, clinical, and volumetrical observations after separation of the buccal tooth segment – a pilot study.

Background: The "socket-shield technique" has shown its potential in preserving buccal tissues. However, front teeth often have to be extracted due to vertical fractures in buccolingual direction. It has not yet been investigated if the socket-shield technique can only be used with intact roots or also works with a modified shield design referring to vertical fracture lines.