Illumination of understudied ciliary kinases.

Cilia are cellular signaling hubs. Given that human kinases are central regulators of signaling, it is not surprising that kinases are key players in cilia biology. In fact, many kinases modulate ciliogenesis, which is the generation of cilia, and distinct ciliary pathways.

How many kinases are druggable? A review of our current understanding.

There are over 500 human kinases ranging from very well-studied to almost completely ignored. Kinases are tractable and implicated in many diseases, making them ideal targets for medicinal chemistry campaigns, but is it possible to discover a drug for each individual kinase? For every human kinase, we gathered data on their citation count, availability of chemical probes, approved and investigational drugs, PDB structures, and biochemical and cellular assays. Analysis of these factors highlights which kinase groups have a wealth of information available, and which groups still have room for progress.

Building Chemical Probes Based on the Natural Products YM-254890 and FR900359: Advances toward Scalability.

The biological activity of natural products YM-254890 (YM) and FR900359 (FR) has led to significant interest in both their synthesis and the construction of more simplified analogs. While the simplified analogs lose much of the potency of the natural products, they are of interest in their own right, and their synthesis has revealed synthetic barriers to the family of molecules that need to be addressed if a scalable synthesis of YM and FR analogs is to be constructed. In the work described here, a synthetic route to simplified analogs of YM is examined and strategies for circumventing some of the challenges inherent to constructing the molecules are forwarded.

A Thirteen-Year Analysis of Facial Fractures among Professional Soccer Players.

This study aims to identify the epidemiology and effects of facial fractures on return to play (RTP) in Major League Soccer (MLS) and the English Premier League (EPL). A total of 39 MLS players and 40 EPL players who sustained facial fractures from 2007 to 2019 were identified. Data on player demographics, the injury, and the impact of their injury on RTP were collected.

Mesenchymal stromal cells lower platelet activation and assist in platelet formation in vitro.

The complex process of platelet formation originates with the hematopoietic stem cell, which differentiates through the myeloid lineage, matures, and releases proplatelets into the BM sinusoids. How formed platelets maintain a low basal activation state in the circulation remains unknown. We identify Lepr+ stromal cells lining the BM sinusoids as important contributors to sustaining low platelet activation.

The Sound Games: Introducing Gamification into Stanford's Orientation on Emergency Ultrasound.

Point-of-care ultrasound is a critical component of graduate medical training in emergency medicine. Innovation in ultrasound teaching methods is greatly needed to keep up with a changing medical landscape. A field-wide trend promoting simulation and technology-enhanced learning is underway in an effort to improve patient care, as well as patient safety.