Serum Carnosinase 1 Is Not Associated with Insulin Resistance or Glucose Metabolism in a Type 1 Diabetes Cohort.

: Preclinical studies suggest that the deleterious effect of a high serum carnosinase 1 (CN1) concentration is attributed to its adverse effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. However, there is little evidence for a modulating role of CN1 in glucose metabolism in humans. : We measured serum CN1 concentration in an observational type 1 diabetes cohort of 172 patients in whom glucose variability (MAGE, MODD, SD of individual blood glucose, mean, and CV) was recorded by blinded continuous glucose monitoring for 5-7 days.

Increased ferritin levels are associated with incident diabetes after kidney transplantation: A prospective cohort study.

Aim: Iron is known to play a role in glucose homeostasis, and diabetes is highly prevalent in patients with iron overload. Here, we investigated whether ferritin and hepcidin (as parameters of iron status) are associated with the development of post-transplant diabetes in kidney transplant recipients, a population in which around 10 % is known to have high iron status.

Methods: Prospective data from the TransplantLines Insulin Resistance and Inflammation Biobank and Cohort Study from the University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands were evaluated, involving stable adult kidney transplant recipients > 1 year after transplantation.

Perspectives of People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Towards a Decision Aid Assessing Preferences of Glucose-Lowering Drugs: The Dilemma of Choosing.

Background: Treatment guidelines recommend metformin as initial drug in many people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and low risk of cardiovascular disease, with the possibility to switch to or add other drug classes. A decision aid (DA) could be useful to incorporate a patient's preferences in the decision of which drug class to choose. We developed such a DA and assessed the perspectives of people with T2D towards its comprehensibility and usability.

Trends in Intermittent Scanning Continuous Glucose Monitoring Usage in The Netherlands-An Opportunity for Elderly Individuals with Diabetes.

Intermittent scanning continuous glucose monitoring (is-CGM) technology has gained widespread adoption and is known to improve glycemic control and quality of life for persons with diabetes. The elderly may lag behind in their adoption of the technology, which could be a potential avenue for improving quality of care. In this study, we investigated the adoption of is-CGM technology in the Dutch population, including effects of age.

High Frequency of Severe Hyperglycemia Observed During Intensive Hematologic Care: A Prospective Study Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

Objective: During intensive hematologic care, patients are exposed to high-dose chemotherapy, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and total parenteral nutrition. Combined with physiologic stress and increased release of cytokines and hormones, this can lead to dysglycemia, which is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. This prospective study aimed to investigate continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to identify dysglycemia during intensive hematologic care.

Serum carnosinase 1, an early indicator for incident microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes.

Aims: Carnosinase (CN1) polymorphisms have been linked to diabetic kidney disease (DKD), as CN1 degrades dipeptides which scavenge oxidative metabolites and prevent the formation of advanced glycation end-products. In this work, we studied the association between serum CN1, the systemic redox status and long-term renal outcome in type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Serum CN1 was measured in a prospective type 1 diabetes cohort ( = 218) with a 16-year follow-up.

Evaluating the Cost-Utility of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of the Methods and Quality of Studies Using Decision Models or Empirical Data.

Introduction: This review presents a critical appraisal of differences in the methodologies and quality of model-based and empirical data-based cost-utility studies on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) populations. It identifies key limitations and challenges in health economic evaluations on CGM and opportunities for their improvement.

Methods: The review and its documentation adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for systematic reviews.

Time-updated Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Is Predictive for Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Objective: This work aimed to study whether fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is predictive for incident posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).

Methods: We repeatedly analyzed plasma C-terminal FGF23 concentrations in 170 KTRs enrolled in the TransplantLines Biobank and Cohort Study. Associations of time-updated plasma FGF23 with incident PTDM were studied by Cox regression.

Balancing Risks and Benefits: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and the Risk of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are a new class of drugs that have been proven beneficial in the management of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure and in the mitigation of cardiovascular risk. The benefits of SGLT2i therapy have led to the rapid adoption of these drugs in clinical guidelines. Since the introduction of these drugs, concerns have arisen, as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) unexpectedly occurred in patients treated with SGLT2i.

Serum T predicts cardiovascular mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, compared with those without T2D. The serum T50 test captures the transformation time of calciprotein particles in serum. We aimed to assess whether serum T50 predicts cardiovascular mortality in T2D patients, independent of traditional risk factors.

The impact of socioeconomic factors, social determinants, and ethnicity on the utilization of glucose sensor technology among persons with diabetes mellitus: a narrative review.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) usage has been shown to improve disease outcomes in people living with diabetes by facilitating better glycemic management. However, previous research has suggested that access to these devices can be influenced by nonmedical factors such as socioeconomic status and ethnicity. It is critical that equitable access to CGM devices is ensured as people from those groups experience poorer diabetes-related health outcomes.

HbA and fasting plasma glucose levels are equally related to incident cardiovascular risk in a high CVD risk population without known diabetes.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether screen-detected T2DM, based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or on HbA, are associated with different risks of incident CVD in high-risk populations and which one is preferable for diabetes screening in these populations, remains unclear.

Methods: A total of 8,274 high-risk CVD participants were included from the UCC-SMART cohort.

Impact of Preoperative Diabetes Mellitus on Postoperative Outcomes in Elective Pancreatic Surgery and Its Implications for Prehabilitation Practice.

Objectives: Patients with pancreatic disease(s) have a high risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetes mellitus is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and effects of DM on postoperative outcomes in pancreatic surgery.

Evaluation of Healthcare Utilisation and Expenditures in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Undergoing Bariatric-Metabolic Surgery.

Purpose: Changes in healthcare utilisation and expenditures after bariatric-metabolic surgery (BMS) for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are unclear. We used the Dutch national all-payer claims database (APCD) to evaluate utilisation and expenditures in people with T2DM who underwent BMS.

Methods: In this cohort study, patients with T2DM who had BMS in 2016 were identified in the APCD.

Effect of high in comparison to low dairy intake intervention on markers of bone and cartilage remodeling and phosphate metabolism in healthy adults with overweight.

Background: In the ageing population, issues with bone and joint health are highly prevalent. Both beneficial and potential risks of dairy products on bone and joint health are reported in epidemiological studies. Furthermore, the phosphorus (P) load from dairy could potentially lead to unfavorable changes in P metabolism.

Serum peroxiredoxin-4, a biomarker of oxidative stress, is associated with the development of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes (Zodiac-65).

Oxidative stress is implicated in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Peroxiredoxin-4 is an antioxidant protein, which may serve as biomarker of oxidative stress, and has previously been associated with new-onset T2D. In this study, we investigated associations between circulating peroxiredoxin-4 and the risk of developing new-onset microvascular complications in T2D patients.

Triglyceride/HDL cholesterol ratio and lipoprotein insulin resistance Score: Associations with subclinical atherosclerosis and incident cardiovascular disease.

Background: The triglyceride/HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and the Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance (LP-IR) score are lipid markers of insulin resistance. Their associations with carotid intima media thickness (cIMT; subclinical atherosclerosis) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) have not been thoroughly investigated.

Methods: In a cross-sectional cohort (89 subjects without type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 81 subjects with T2D we determined cIMT (ultrasound), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the TG/HDL-C ratio.

NT-proBNP Mediates the Association Between FGF23 and All-Cause Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23) is associated with a higher mortality risk in type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism is unclear. We aimed to study whether NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide) mediates the association between FGF23 and mortality.

Methods And Results: We analyzed C-terminal FGF23 and NT-proBNP levels in 399 patients with type 2 diabetes.

Plasma Citrate Levels Are Associated with an Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (Zodiac-64).

Circulating citrate may represent a proxy of mitochondrial dysfunction which plays a role in the development of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we determined the associations between plasma citrate levels and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in T2D patients. In this prospective cohort study, 601 patients were included who participated in the Zwolle Outpatient Diabetes project Integrating Available Care (ZODIAC).

Both LDL and HDL particle concentrations associate positively with an increased risk of developing microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: lost protection by HDL (Zodiac-63).

Background: Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are associated positively whereas high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are associated inversely with the development of new-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here we studied potential associations between these lipoprotein particle concentrations and the risk of developing microvascular complications in patients with established T2D.

Methods: Lipoprotein particle concentrations (TRLP, LDLP, and HDLP) were determined in 278 patients with T2D participating in a primary care-based longitudinal cohort study (Zwolle Outpatient Diabetes project Integrating Available Care [ZODIAC] study) leveraging the Vantera nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) platform using the LP4 algorithm.

Real-life 24-week changes in glycemic parameters among European users of flash glucose monitoring with type 1 and 2 diabetes and different levels of glycemic control.

Aim: To evaluate real-life changes of glycemic parameters among flash glucose monitoring (FLASH) users who do not meet glycemic targets.

Methods: De-identified data were obtained between 2014 and 2021 from patients using FLASH uninterrupted for a 24-week period. Glycemic parameters during first and last sensor use were examined in four identifiable groups: type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on basal-bolus insulin, T2DM on basal insulin, and T2DM without insulin treatment.

Lower Extremity Amputation Rates in People With Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Population Based Cohort Study in Zwolle Region, The Netherlands.

Objective: Lower extremity amputations are a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). In a previous Dutch study, the incident rate of major amputations was 89.2 per 100 000 person years.

Determinants of excessive weight gain after the initiation of insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Retrospective inception cohort study (ZODIAC 60).

Aims: To explore determinants of excessive weight gain after initiation of insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in particular variables identified in the pre-insulin phase.

Methods: We performed a retrospective observational intervention cohort study, by means of a new user design/ inception cohort concerning n = 5086 patients. We studied determinants of excessive weight gain (5 kg or more) in the first year after initiation of insulin therapy, using both visualization and logistic regression analysis with subsequent receiver operation characteristic (ROC) analyses.