EAE is not a useful model for demyelinating disease.

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the commonest, readily induced, organspecific, autoimmune disorder of laboratory animals of its kind. It is an artificial disorder brought about by the immunisation of susceptible animals with brain antigens in complete Freund׳s adjuvant (CFA). Variations can be induced by altering the nature of the antigen and the conditions involving immunisation.

The sad plight of multiple sclerosis research (low on fact, high on fiction): critical data to support it being a neurocristopathy.

The literature for evidence of autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis (MS) is analysed critically. In contrast to the accepted theory, the human counterpart of the animal model experimental autoimmune demyelinating disease, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), is not MS but a different demyelinating disorder, i.e.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: postinfectious, postimmunization and variant forms.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is not an uncommon disorder and affects both children and adults, being more frequent in the younger group. It is said to constitute one third of all encephalidities and usually follows in the wake of a banal viral infection, but may occur after immunizations and as a complication of diseases affecting the cerebral endothelial cells. There is no specific diagnostic test but a good clinical history, attention to clinical findings along with MRI scan often help to make the diagnosis.

A gene signature for post-infectious chronic fatigue syndrome.

Background: At present, there are no clinically reliable disease markers for chronic fatigue syndrome. DNA chip microarray technology provides a method for examining the differential expression of mRNA from a large number of genes. Our hypothesis was that a gene expression signature, generated by microarray assays, could help identify genes which are dysregulated in patients with post-infectious CFS and so help identify biomarkers for the condition.

Fatigue in neurological disorders.

Chronic fatigue is a typical symptom of neurological diseases, and is most disabling in multiple sclerosis, postpoliomyelitis, poststroke, and in chronic fatigue syndrome. Disorders of neuromuscular junction transmission and metabolic diseases cause muscle fatigability, which is characterised by failure to sustain the force of muscle contraction (peripheral fatigue). Fatigue is also seen in diseases that affect the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems (central fatigue).

The clinical spectrum, diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of Hashimoto's encephalopathy (recurrent acute disseminated encephalomyelitis).

Hashimoto's encephalopathy may present with a wide variety of different neurological symptoms and signs. These include recurrent severe migrainous headache, psychoses, seizures, ataxia, dementia, stupor and coma. We present a personal series of 18 adult patients with Hashimoto's encephalopathy and a review of the literature in this paper.