The effect of tert-butyl hydroperoxide on hepatic transcriptome expression patterns in the striped sea bream (Lithognathus mormyrus; Teleostei).

The study was aimed at examining the effects of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) on hepatic transcriptome expression patterns of the teleost fish Lithognathus mormyrus. tBHP is an organic hydro-peroxide, widely used as a model pro-oxidant. It generates the reactive oxygen species (ROS) tert-butoxyl and tert-butylperoxyl.

Accumulation of xylem transported protein at pit membranes and associated reductions in hydraulic conductance.

Proteins and traces of polysaccharide are the only polymeric colloids consistently transported in the xylem sap of plants. The hypothesis that such proteins could have physical inhibitory effects on xylem water transport was investigated. Ovalbumin, with a molecular weight of 45 kDa and a molecular diameter of 5.

Colloidal suspensions of clay or titanium dioxide nanoparticles can inhibit leaf growth and transpiration via physical effects on root water transport.

A laboratory investigation was conducted to determine whether colloidal suspensions of inorganic nanoparticulate materials of natural or industrial origin in the external water supplied to the primary root of maize seedlings (Zea mays L.) could interfere with water transport and induce associated leaf responses. Water flow through excised roots was reduced, together with root hydraulic conductivity, within minutes of exposure to colloidal suspensions of naturally derived bentonite clay or industrially produced TiO2 nanoparticles.

Coping mechanisms for crop plants in drought-prone environments.

Background: Drought is a major limitation to plant productivity. Various options are available for increasing water availability and sustaining growth of crop plants in drought-prone environments.

Scope: After a general introduction to the problems of water availability, this review focuses on a critical evaluation of recent progress in unravelling mechanisms for modifying plant growth responses to drought.

Evidence for long-distance xylem transport of signal peptide activity from tomato roots.

Several types of small, endogenous signal peptides are now known to induce a wide range of local and systemic responses in plants, but how such signal peptide activity is transported over long distances remains unclear. In particular, the possible occurrence and root-to-shoot transport of signal peptide activity in the xylem does not appear to have been previously investigated. Suspension-cultured cells of wild tomato Lycopersicon peruvanium L.

Progressive inhibition by water deficit of cell wall extensibility and growth along the elongation zone of maize roots is related to increased lignin metabolism and progressive stelar accumulation of wall phenolics.

Water deficit caused by addition of polyethylene glycol 6000 at -0.5 MPa water potential to well-aerated nutrient solution for 48 h inhibited the elongation of maize (Zea mays) seedling primary roots. Segmental growth rates in the root elongation zone were maintained 0 to 3 mm behind the tip, but in comparison with well-watered control roots, progressive growth inhibition was initiated by water deficit as expanding cells crossed the region 3 to 9 mm behind the tip.

Differential expression profiles of growth-related genes in the elongation zone of maize primary roots.

Growth in the apical elongation zone of plant roots is central to the development of functional root systems. Rates of root segmental elongation change from accelerating to decelerating as cell development proceeds from newly formed to fully elongated status. One of the primary variables regulating these changes in elongation rates is the extensibility of the elongating cell walls.

The spatially variable inhibition by water deficit of maize root growth correlates with altered profiles of proton flux and cell wall pH.

Growth of elongating primary roots of maize (Zea mays) seedlings was approximately 50% inhibited after 48 h in aerated nutrient solution under water deficit induced by polyethylene glycol 6000 at -0.5 MPa water potential. Proton flux along the root elongation zone was assayed by high resolution analyses of images of acid diffusion around roots contacted for 5 min with pH indicator gel.