Incidental discovery of a large complicated arteriovenous haemangioma.

Arteriovenous haemangiomas within the chest are rare and uncommonly documented. After a 60-year-old woman with a history of smoking underwent a routine chest X-ray revealing a right apical mass, further investigations led to the discovery of a large extrapulmonary arteriovenous haemangioma in the superior mediastinum. Additionally, this case became complicated when the hemangioma was found to not only be compressing adjacent major arteries and veins, but also invading into the spinal canal and displacing the spinal cord.

Hepatic PEComa: a potential pitfall in the evaluation of hepatic neoplasms.

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumour (PEComa) of the liver is very uncommon and may be overlooked in the clinical and histological differential diagnosis of a liver tumour. We report the case of an incidentally discovered liver mass suspicious for hepatocellular carcinoma, which on biopsy was suggestive of a pseudocyst but after resection was found to be hepatic PEComa with some of the usual characteristics of this neoplasm as well as several less familiar features. We have also reviewed cases of hepatic PEComa from the literature in order to provide insight into recognising possible PEComa preoperatively and assessing its risk of malignancy after diagnosis.

Paraganglioma-Like Adenomas of the Thyroid (PLAT): Incidental Lesions with Unusual Features in a Patient with Nodular Goiter.

We discovered two well-demarcated nodules incidentally in a thyroid removed because of a nodular goiter. Histologically, the nodules showed a pattern of paraganglioma or so-called paraganglioma-like adenoma of the thyroid (PLAT), with lobules of polygonal and oval cells in a vascular stroma, but the immunohistochemical markers typical of paraganglioma, including chromogranin, synaptophysin, Leu 7 and 5-100, and thyroglobulin, characteristic of PLAT, were negative in the tumor cells. C-cell markers calcitonin and somatostatin were also negative.