Climate stress and anxiety, environmental context, and civic engagement: A nationally representative study.

There is increasing recognition that people are experiencing stress and anxiety around climate change, and that this climate stress/anxiety may be associated with more pro-environmental behavior. However, less is known about whether people's own environmental exposures affect climate stress/anxiety or the relationship between climate stress/anxiety and civic engagement. Using three waves of survey data (2020-2022) from the nationally representative Tufts Equity in Health, Wealth, and Civic Engagement Study of US adults (n = 1071), we assessed relationships among environmental exposures (county-level air pollution, greenness, number of toxic release inventory sites, and heatwaves), self-reported climate stress/anxiety, and civic engagement measures (canvasing behavior, collaborating to solve community problems, personal efficacy to solve community problems, group efficacy to solve community problems, voting behavior).

Boredom at the border of philosophy: conceptual and ethical issues.

Boredom is a topic in philosophy. Philosophers have offered close descriptions of the experience of boredom that should inform measurement and analysis of empirical results. Notable historical authors include Seneca, Martin Heidegger, and Theodor Adorno; current philosophers have also contributed to the literature.

Environmental equity and COVID-19 experiences in the United States: Results from three survey waves of a nationally representative study conducted between 2020-2022.

Certain environmental exposures, such as air pollution, are associated with COVID-19 incidence and mortality. To determine whether environmental context is associated with other COVID-19 experiences, we used data from the nationally representative Tufts Equity in Health, Wealth, and Civic Engagement Study data (n=1785; three survey waves 2020-2022). Environmental context was assessed using self-reported climate stress and county-level air pollution, greenness, toxic release inventory site, and heatwave data.

Experiences with and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic by substance use disorder in the early phase of pandemic in the United States: A cross-sectional survey, 2020.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic could disproportionately affect individuals who have a substance use disorder (SUD). However, little information exists on COVID-19-related experiences among individuals with a SUD. We examined whether individuals with a SUD differ from other individuals with regard to COVID-19 testing, susceptibility, and employment-related vulnerability.

Associations among political voting preference, high-risk health status, and preventative behaviors for COVID-19.

Background: We investigate the relationships among political preferences, risk for COVID-19 complications, and complying with preventative behaviors, such as social distancing, quarantine, and vaccination, as they remain incompletely understood. Since those with underlying health conditions have the highest mortality risk, prevention strategies targeting them and their caretakers effectively can save lives. Understanding caretakers' adherence is also crucial as their behavior affects the probability of transmission and quality of care, but is understudied.

Assessing equity in health, wealth, and civic engagement: a nationally representative survey, United States, 2020.

Background: The principle of equity is fundamental to many current debates about social issues and plays an important role in community and individual health. Traditional research has focused on singular dimensions of equity (e.g.

Multimodal Mental Practice Versus Repetitive Task Practice Only to Treat Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

Importance: Occupational therapists are the primary clinicians tasked with management of the more affected upper extremity (UE) after stroke. However, there is a paucity of efficacious, easy-to-use, inexpensive interventions to increase poststroke UE function.

Objective: To compare the effect of a multimodal mental practice (MMMP) regimen with a repetitive task practice (RTP)-only regimen on paretic UE functional limitation.

Arts, Culture, and Creativity as a Strategy for Countering the Negative Social Impacts of Immigration Stress and Gentrification.

. This article looks at the role that arts, culture, and creativity play in promoting social cohesion and community well-being. It presents research on the role that a community arts center plays in an ethnic enclave that is under stress of immigration and gentrification.

Does the Civic Renewal Movement Have a Future?

A civic ideal is an ideal of deliberative self-governance. People who participate in discussing what their own groups should do are being civic. Civic venues, institutions, and habits have waned since the mid-1990s.

Why protect civil liberties during a pandemic?

During a public health emergency, a government must balance public welfare, equity, individual rights, and democratic processes and norms. These goods may conflict. Although science has a role in informing wise policy, no empirical evidence or algorithm can determine how to balance competing goods under conditions of uncertainty.

"Reps" Aren't Enough: Augmenting Functional Electrical Stimulation With Behavioral Supports Significantly Reduces Impairment in Moderately Impaired Stroke.

Objective: To determine the impact of repetitive task-specific practice (RTP) integrating electrical stimulation and behavioral supports on upper extremity (UE) impairment, gross manual dexterity, and paretic UE amount and quality of use in chronic stroke survivors exhibiting moderate, stable UE deficits.

Design: Case series with 3-month follow-up.

Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation hospital.

Corrigendum: Somatic Experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy.

[This corrects the article on p. 93 in vol. 6, PMID: 25699005.

Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy.

Here we present a theory of human trauma and chronic stress, based on the practice of Somatic Experiencing(®) (SE), a form of trauma therapy that emphasizes guiding the client's attention to interoceptive, kinesthetic, and proprioceptive experience. SE™ claims that this style of inner attention, in addition to the use of kinesthetic and interoceptive imagery, can lead to the resolution of symptoms resulting from chronic and traumatic stress. This is accomplished through the completion of thwarted, biologically based, self-protective and defensive responses, and the discharge and regulation of excess autonomic arousal.

Mental practice--triggered electrical stimulation in chronic, moderate, upper-extremity hemiparesis after stroke.

Objective: To determine the feasibility and impact of home-based, mental practice-triggered electrical stimulation among stroke survivors exhibiting moderate upper-extremity (UE) impairment.

Method: Five participants with moderate, stable UE hemiparesis were administered the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, the Box and Block Test, and the Activities of Daily Living, Hand Function, and overall recovery domains of the Stroke Impact Scale (Version 3). They were then administered an 8-wk regimen consisting of 1 hr of mental practice-triggered electrical stimulation every weekday in their home.

Integrated circuit-based electrochemical sensor for spatially resolved detection of redox-active metabolites in biofilms.

Despite advances in monitoring spatiotemporal expression patterns of genes and proteins with fluorescent probes, direct detection of metabolites and small molecules remains challenging. A technique for spatially resolved detection of small molecules would benefit the study of redox-active metabolites that are produced by microbial biofilms and can affect their development. Here we present an integrated circuit-based electrochemical sensing platform featuring an array of working electrodes and parallel potentiostat channels.

What are the "ingredients" of modified constraint-induced therapy? An evidence-based review, recipe, and recommendations.

Modified constraint induced movement therapy (mCIT) increases paretic upper extremity use and movement in all phases of stroke. Although fundamental to its appropriate implementation, specific details on day to day implementation on this promising family of therapies have not heretofore been published. Consequently, some integral behavioral facets of mCIT may be overlooked, while other approaches may be easily mistaken to constitute mCIT, during attempts to implement the therapy.

Psychometric properties and administration of the wrist/hand subscales of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment in minimally impaired upper extremity hemiparesis in stroke.

There is a need for time-efficient, valid measures of distal paretic upper extremity (UE) movement. The purposes of this study were to (1) determine the psychometric properties of the wrist stability and mobility and wrist/hand scale of the upper extremity Fugl-Meyer (w/h UE FM) as a "stand-alone" measure of distal UE movement; and (2) provide detailed instructions on w/h UE FM administration and scoring. The upper extremity Fugl Meyer (UE FM) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) were administered on 2 separate occasions to each of 29 subjects exhibiting stable, mild UE hemiparesis (23 men; mean age ± SD, 60.

Game-based, portable, upper extremity rehabilitation in chronic stroke.

Purpose: This case series pilot study evaluates the efficacy of the Core:Tx gaming device on 2 chronic stroke survivors.

Methods: Intervention was provided 3 times a week for 3 weeks. Outcome measures, administered 1 week before and 1 week after intervention, included the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS), the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery (Fugl-Meyer [FM]), and the Box and Block Test (BB).

Longer versus shorter daily durations of electrical stimulation during task-specific practice in moderately impaired stroke.

Objective: To examine and compare efficacy of 30-, 60-, and 120-minute repetitive task-specific practice (RTP) sessions incorporating use of an electrical stimulation neuroprosthesis (ESN) on affected upper-extremity (UE) movement.

Design: Prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation hospital.

Health care supply and county-level variation in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder prescription medications.

Purpose: Although much literature reports small-area variation in medication prescriptions used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), scant research has examined factors that may drive this variation. We examine, across counties in the USA, whether the use of prescription medications to treat ADHD varies positively with supply-side healthcare characteristics.

Methods: We retrieved annual prescription data for ADHD medications in 2734 US counties from a nationally representative sample of 35 000 pharmacies in 2001-2003.

Retention of motor changes in chronic stroke survivors who were administered mental practice.

Objective: To determine retention of motor changes 3 months after participation in a regimen consisting of mental practice (MP) combined with repetitive task-specific (RTP) practice.

Design: Prospective, blinded, cohort, pre-post study.

Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation hospital.

Portable neurorobotics for the severely affected arm in chronic stroke: a case study.

Background And Purpose: Few motor therapies increase active movement in the severely impaired arm of individuals with chronic stroke. Existing robotic devices to address this need are large and expensive. This case study describes the application and reports outcomes associated with a repetitive task-specific training (RTP) program incorporating a portable robotic device.

Longer versus shorter mental practice sessions for affected upper extremity movement after stroke: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate and compare efficacy of 20-, 40-, and 60-minute mental practice sessions on affected upper extremity impairment and functional limitation.

Design: Randomized controlled study with multiple baseline design.

Subjects: Twenty-nine subjects with chronic stroke and exhibiting stable, mild hemiparesis.

Combined bracing, electrical stimulation, and functional practice for chronic, upper-extremity spasticity.

Objective: Conventional methods for managing upper-extremity (UE) spasticity are invasive, usually require readministration after a certain time period, and do not necessarily increase UE function. This study examined efficacy of combining two singularly efficacious modalities-UE bracing and electrical stimulation-with functional training to reduce UE spasticity and improve function.

Method: Two chronic stroke patients exhibiting UE spasticity were administered the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), the upper-extremity section of the Fugl-Meyer Impairment Scale (FM), the Box and Block Test (B&B), and the Arm Motor Ability Test (AMAT).