Assessment and Impact of Intravenous Medication Fluid Administration in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure.

Background: Positive fluid balance early in critical illness is associated with poor outcomes. Reducing intravenous medication volume may mitigate volume overload. Assessment of fluid and medication administration and clinical outcomes in acute respiratory failure.

Development of hepatitis B virus capsids into a whole-chain protein antigen display platform: new particulate Lyme disease vaccines.

The immunogenicity of peptides and small protein fragments can be considerably enhanced by their presentation on particulate carriers such as capsid-like particles (CLPs) from hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV CLPs are icosahedral nanoparticles formed by 90 or 120 core protein dimers. Insertions into the immunodominant c/e1 B cell epitope, a surface-exposed loop on the HBV capsid protein, are especially immunogenic.

A fusion product of the complete Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A (OspA) and the hepatitis B virus capsid protein is highly immunogenic and induces protective immunity similar to that seen with an effective lipidated OspA vaccine formula.

The immunogenicity of peptides and protein fragments can be considerably enhanced by their presentation on particulate carriers such as capsid-like particles (CLP) from hepatitis B virus (HBV). Here we tested the suitability of the HBV capsid protein as a carrier for a relevant full-length pathogen-derived protein antigen. The entire 255-amino acid ectodomain of the outer surface protein A (OspA) from Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, was inserted into the major B cell epitope of the HBV capsid, yielding a multimerization-competent fusion protein, termed coreOspA.