Novosphingobium soli sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A yellow-pigmented, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium, strain CC-TPE-1(T), was isolated from oil-contaminated soil near an oil refinery located in Kaohsiung County, Taiwan. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain CC-TPE-1(T) showed highest sequence similarity to Novosphingobium naphthalenivorans TUT562(T) (98.1 %), N.

Quantification and identification of culturable airborne bacteria from duck houses.

Employees at agricultural working places are often exposed to complex bioaerosols. Investigations of bioaerosols in duck houses revealed concentrations of cultivable bacteria between 0.4 and 3 x 10(5) colony forming units (CFU) m(-3) on tryptone soy agar, 0.

Chryseobacterium culicis sp. nov., isolated from the midgut of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus.

A yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, R4-1A(T), isolated from the midgut of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus (a vector of lymphatic filariasis), was studied using a polyphasic approach. Cells of the isolate were rod-shaped and stained Gram-negative. A comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of this organism with sequences of type strains of the most closely related species clearly showed an allocation to the genus Chryseobacterium, with the highest sequence similarities (all 97.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) as a rapid tool for serotyping of Salmonella.

An SPR-based sandwich immunoassay for serotyping of Salmonella is demonstrated. The Salmonella are captured on an SPR chip using polyclonal capture antibody. SPR sensorgrams are obtained for the immunoreactions of the somatic (O) and flagellar (H) surface antigens, of the captured bacteria, to their respective antibodies.

Fontibacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family 'Cyclobacteriaceae', isolated from a hot spring.

The taxonomic position of a bright orange-pigmented bacterial strain, designated CC-GZM-130(T), isolated from a water sample of the Guan-zing-ling hot spring, southern Taiwan, was studied. The strain was able to grow on nutrient agar at 25-40 degrees C and in the presence of 1-3 % (w/v) NaCl. Comparative analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the isolate was grouped in the vicinity of the genus Aquiflexum with the highest sequence similarity of 92.

Description of Francisella hispaniensis sp. nov., isolated from human blood, reclassification of Francisella novicida (Larson et al. 1955) Olsufiev et al. 1959 as Francisella tularensis subsp. novicida comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Francisella.

Strain FhSp1T, isolated from human blood in Spain in 2003, was studied for its taxonomic allocation. By 16S rRNA and recA gene sequencing, the strain was shown to belong to the genus Francisella. In the 16S rRNA gene sequence, Francisella sp.

Chryseobacterium arthrosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of the pill millipede Arthrosphaera magna Attems.

A bacterial strain (CC-VM-7T), isolated from the faeces of the pill millipede Arthrosphaera magna Attems collected in India, was studied to determine its taxonomic allocation. Cells stained Gram-negative and were rod-shaped. Comparative analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strain with those of the most closely related species clearly suggested allocation to the genus Chryseobacterium, with the highest sequence similarities of 99.

Paenochrobactrum gallinarii gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from air of a duck barn, and reclassification of Pseudochrobactrum glaciei as Paenochrobactrum glaciei comb. nov.

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacterium (Sa25(T)) was isolated from air of a duck barn. 16S rRNA gene and recA sequence analyses clearly placed the isolate in the vicinity of the Brucella-Ochrobactrum-Pseudochrobactrum group, with the closest relative being Pseudochrobactrum glaciei KMM 3858(T). This allocation was confirmed by analyses of the quinone system (ubiquinone Q-10), fatty acid data (major fatty acids C(18 : 1)omega7c and C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c) and polar lipid profile (major components diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and unknown aminolipid AL1; moderate amounts of three unknown polar lipids, L1-L3, an unknown aminolipid and an unknown aminophospholipid APL2).

Direct detection of salmonella cells in the air of livestock stables by real-time PCR.

A SYBR Green real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for specific detection and quantification of airborne Salmonella cells in livestock housings is presented. A set of specific primers was tested and validated for specific detection and quantification of Salmonella-specific invA genes of DNA extracted from bioaerosol samples. Application of the method to poultry house bioaerosol samples showed concentrations ranging from 2.

Pseudofulvimonas gallinarii gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Xanthomonadaceae.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming bacterium (Sa15(T)) was isolated from the air in a duck barn. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, the organism was grouped into the class gammaproteobacteria in the neighbourhood of the genus Fulvimonas. The quinone system consisted exclusively of ubiquinone Q-8.

Nonomuraea rosea sp. nov.

A Gram-positively staining, aerobic, non-motile actinomycete, strain GW 12687(T), that formed rose-pigmented colonies and branched substrate and aerial mycelia was studied in detail for its taxonomic position. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain GW 12687(T) was grouped into the genus Nonomuraea, being most closely related to Nonomuraea dietziae (97.6 %), Nonomuraea africana (97.

Brevibacterium sandarakinum sp. nov., isolated from a wall of an indoor environment.

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, non-endospore-forming, orange-pigmented (coloured) actinobacterium (01-Je-003(T)) was isolated from the wall of an indoor environment primarily colonized with moulds. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain 01-Je-003(T) was shown to belong to the genus Brevibacterium and was most similar to the type strains of Brevibacterium picturae (98.8 % similarity), Brevibacterium marinum (97.

Brucella inopinata sp. nov., isolated from a breast implant infection.

A Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming coccoid bacterium (strain BO1(T)) was isolated recently from a breast implant infection of a 71-year-old female patient with clinical signs of brucellosis. Affiliation of strain BO1(T) to the genus Brucella was confirmed by means of polyamine pattern, polar lipid profile, fatty acid profile, quinone system, DNA-DNA hybridization studies and by insertion sequence 711 (IS711)-specific PCR. Strain BO1(T) harboured four to five copies of the Brucella-specific insertion element IS 711, displaying a unique banding pattern, and exhibited a unique 16S rRNA gene sequence and also grouped separately in multilocus sequence typing analysis.

Ochrobactrum pituitosum sp. nov., isolated from an industrial environment.

Strain CCUG 50899, a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, motile bacterium isolated from industrial environment in Sweden and tentatively assigned to the species Ochrobactrum anthropi, was studied in order to clarify its taxonomic status. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities placed the strain in the genus Ochrobactrum, sharing highest similarity with the type strains of Ochrobactrum rhizosphaerae (99.3 %), Ochrobactrum thiophenivorans (98.

Citricoccus parietis sp. nov., isolated from a mould-colonized wall and emended description of Citricoccus alkalitolerans Li et al. 2005.

A Gram-positive, coccoid-shaped organism (strain 02-Je-010(T)), forming yellow-pigmented colonies was isolated from the wall of an indoor environment. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, it was shown that strain 02-Je-010(T) belongs to the genus Citricoccus with sequence similarities of 98.9 % to Citricoccus alkalitolerans DSM 15665(T) and 98.

Prauserella muralis sp. nov., from the indoor environment.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, mycelium-forming actinobacterium (05-Be-005(T)) isolated from the wall of an indoor environment was studied for its taxonomic position. The isolated strain formed a substrate mycelium that fragmented into rod-shaped cells and showed an aerial mycelium on medium M79. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain 05-Be-005(T) was shown to belong to the genus Prauserella, closely related to Prauserella rugosa DSM 43194(T) (96.

Psychromonas boydii sp. nov., a gas-vacuolate, psychrophilic bacterium isolated from an Arctic sea-ice core.

A gas-vacuolate bacterium, strain 174(T), was isolated from a sea-ice core collected from Point Barrow, Alaska, USA. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this bacterium was most closely related to Psychromonas ingrahamii 37(T), with a similarity of >99 %. However, strain 174(T) could be clearly distinguished from closely related species by DNA-DNA hybridization; relatedness values determined by two different methods between strain 174(T) and P.

Algoriphagus olei sp. nov., isolated from oil-contaminated soil.

A motile, Gram-negative, pinkish red-pigmented bacterium (strain CC-Hsuan-617(T)) was isolated from an oil-contaminated soil near an oil refinery located in Kaohsiung County, Taiwan. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain CC-Hsuan-617(T) clustered with Algoriphagus mannitolivorans (97.5 % sequence similarity), Algoriphagus aquatilis (98.

Luteibacter anthropi sp. nov., isolated from human blood, and reclassification of Dyella yeojuensis Kim et al. 2006 as Luteibacter yeojuensis comb. nov.

A yellow-pigmented bacterium was isolated from blood of a 3-year-old boy in Göteborg, Sweden. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this bacterium is most closely related to Luteibacter rhizovicinus LJ96(T) and Dyella yeojuensis R2A16-10(T), with sequence similarity of 98.3 % to both.

Description of Chryseobacterium anthropi sp. nov. to accommodate clinical isolates biochemically similar to Kaistella koreensis and Chryseobacterium haifense, proposal to reclassify Kaistella koreensis as Chryseobacterium koreense comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Chryseobacterium.

A collection of eight strains, NF 1366(T), NF 450, NF 1101, NF 1107, NF 1123, NF 1413, CCUG 15260 and CCUG 15624, from various clinical origins, were characterized biochemically as similar to Kaistella koreensis and Chryseobacterium haifense. They differed from K. koreensis, which is unable to alkalinize acetate, and from C.

Transfer of Defluvibacter lusatiensis to the genus Aquamicrobium as Aquamicrobium lusatiense comb. nov. and description of Aquamicrobium aerolatum sp. nov.

Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the type strains of Aquamicrobium defluvii and Defluvibacter lusatiensis shows a similarity of 98.3 %. There is no evidence for clear phenotypic differences between these organisms that justifies assignment to different genera.

Pseudochrobactrum lubricantis sp. nov., isolated from a metal-working fluid.

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacterium (KSS 7.8(T)) was isolated from a water-mixed metal-working fluid. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene and recA sequence similarities, the isolate was clearly grouped in the genus Pseudochrobactrum.

Chromobacterium piscinae sp. nov. and Chromobacterium pseudoviolaceum sp. nov., from environmental samples.

Two strains (LMG 3947 and LMG 3953) of motile, Gram-negative, violet-pigmented bacteria, respectively isolated in 1972 and before 1953 from environmental samples and previously assigned to Chromobacterium violaceum, were studied again in detail for their taxonomic position. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that both strains clustered together with the type strain of Chromobacterium violaceum (99.8 % sequence similarity for strain LMG 3953(T) and 98.

Transfer of Sejongia antarctica, Sejongia jeonii and Sejongia marina to the genus Chryseobacterium as Chryseobacterium antarcticum comb. nov., Chryseobacterium jeonii comb. nov. and Chryseobacterium marinum comb. nov.

The genus Sejongia was described in 2005, with the two species Sejongia antarctica and Sejongia jeonii, mainly on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. At that time, these organisms formed a quite separate branch in a 16S rRNA gene sequence-based tree, but, in subsequent studies, it became obvious that the species S. antarctica and S.