Solubilities of Ethylene and Carbon Dioxide Gases in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte.

During Li-ion battery operation, (electro)chemical side reactions occur within the cell that can promote or degrade performance. These complex reactions produce byproducts in the solid, liquid, and gas phases. Studying byproducts in these three phases can help optimize battery lifetimes.

Ion Depletion Microenvironments Mapped at Active Electrochemical Interfaces with Freezing Cryo-Electron Microscopy.

Interfacial structural and chemical evolution underpins safety, energy density, and lifetime in batteries and other electrochemical systems. During lithium electrodeposition, local nonequilibrium conditions can arise that promote heterogeneous lithium morphologies but are challenging to directly study, particularly at the nanoscale. Here we map chemical microenvironments at the active copper/electrolyte interface during lithium electrodeposition, presenting freezing cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), a new method, to lock in structures arising in coin cells.