Safety-netting advice documentation out-of-hours: a retrospective cohort from 2013 to 2020.

Background: Providing safety-netting advice (SNA) in out-of-hours primary care is a recognised standard of safe care but it is not known how frequently this occurs in practice.

Aim: Assess the frequency and type of SNA documented in out-of-hours primary care and explore factors associated with its presence.

Design And Setting: Retrospective cohort using the Birmingham Out-of-hours General Practice Research Database.

Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme uptake, patient satisfaction, and QOF achievement: an ecological study from 2020-2023.

Background: The Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme (ARRS) was introduced by NHS England in 2019 alongside primary care networks (PCNs), with the aims of increasing the workforce and improving patient outcomes.

Aim: To describe the uptake of direct patient care (DPC)-ARRS roles and its impact on patients' experiences.

Design And Setting: An ecological study using 2020-2023 PCN and practice workforce data, registered patient characteristics, the General Practice Patient Survey, and the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF).

Mate-choice for close kin is associated with improved offspring survival in Lodoicea maldivica, the largest-seeded plant in the world.

We studied spatial patterns of kinship in the offspring of the endangered Lodoicea maldivica, a dioecious palm that produces the largest seed of any plant. Previous research has suggested that restricted seed and pollen dispersal in populations resulted in strong spatial genetic structure. We used microsatellites to genotype young plants and their potential parents at four sites across the species' entire natural range.

Presentation and management of insect bites in out-of-hours primary care: a descriptive study.

Objectives: To describe the population presenting to out-of-hours primary care with insect bites, establish their clinical management and the factors associated with antibiotic prescribing.

Design: An observational study using routinely collected data from a large out-of-hours database (BORD, Birmingham Out-of-hours general practice Research Database).

Setting: A large out-of-hour primary care provider in the Midlands region of England.

Ideas, concerns, expectations, and effects on life (ICEE) in GP consultations: an observational study using video-recorded UK consultations.

Background: Eliciting patients' ideas, concerns, expectations, and whether a problem has an 'effect' on their life (ICEE), is a widely recommended communication technique. However, it is not known how frequently ICEE components are raised in UK GP consultations.

Aim: To assess the frequency of ICEE in routine GP consultations with adult patients and explore variables associated with ICEE.

Factors affecting the documentation of spoken safety-netting advice in routine GP consultations: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Previous studies have reported how often safety-netting is documented in medical records, but it is not known how this compares with what is verbalised and what factors might influence the consistency of documentation.

Aim: To compare spoken and documented safety-netting advice and to explore factors associated with documentation.

Design And Setting: A cross-sectional study, using an existing GP consultations archive.

The content and conduct of GP consultations for dermatology problems: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Skin complaints are common in primary care, and poor outcomes in long-term conditions are often due to low adherence to treatment. Shared decision making and self-management support may help, yet there is little understanding of patient involvement or the support provided by GPs.

Aim: To describe the content of primary care consultations for skin problems, including shared decision making practice, delivery of self-management advice, and follow-up.

Species richness both impedes and promotes alien plant invasions in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Worldwide, alien plant invasions have been intensively studied in the past decades, but mechanisms controlling the invasibility of native communities are not fully understood yet. The stochastic niche hypothesis predicts that species-rich plant communities are less prone to alien plant invasions than species-poor communities, which is supported by some but not all field studies, with some very species-rich communities such as the Brazilian Cerrado becoming heavily invaded. However, species-rich communities potentially contain a greater variety of facilitative interactions in resource exploitation than species-poor communities, from which invasive plants might benefit.

A conceptual framework to untangle the concept of urban ecosystem services.

Urban ecosystem service (UES) is becoming an influential concept to guide the planning, design, and management of urban landscapes towards urban sustainability. However, its use is hindered by definitional ambiguity, and the conceptual bases underpinning its application remain weak. This is exemplified by two different but equally valid interpretations of UES: "urban ", referring to ecosystem services from analogs of natural and semi-natural ecosystems within urban boundaries, and " services", a much broader term that includes the former group as well as urban services in a city.

Demographic biases in engagement with nature in a tropical Asian city.

Urban residents can benefit from spending time in outdoor spaces and engaging with nature-related activities. Such engagement can improve health and well-being, support community cohesion, and improve environmentally-friendly behaviours. However, engagement with nature may not be equal amongst different members of society.

Identification of sex-linked markers in the sexually cryptic coco de mer: are males and females produced in equal proportions?

(coco de mer) is a long-lived dioecious palm in which male and female plants are visually indistinguishable when immature, only becoming sexually dimorphic as adults, which in natural forest can take as much as 50 years. Most adult populations in the Seychelles exhibit biased sex ratios, but it is unknown whether this is due to different proportions of male and female plants being produced or to differential mortality. In this study, we developed sex-linked markers in using ddRAD sequencing, enabling us to reliably determine the gender of immature individuals.

Safety netting in routine primary care consultations: an observational study using video-recorded UK consultations.

Background: Safety-netting advice is information shared with a patient or their carer designed to help them identify the need to seek further medical help if their condition fails to improve, changes, or if they have concerns about their health.

Aim: To assess when and how safety-netting advice is delivered in routine GP consultations.

Design And Setting: This was an observational study using 318 recorded GP consultations with adult patients in the UK.

Development of a tool for coding safety-netting behaviours in primary care: a mixed-methods study using existing UK consultation recordings.

Background: Safety netting is recommended in a variety of clinical settings, yet there are no tools to record clinician safety-netting communication behaviours.

Aim: To develop and assess the inter-rater reliability (IRR) of a coding tool designed to assess safety-netting communication behaviours in primary care consultations.

Design And Setting: A mixed-methods study using an existing dataset of video-and audio-recorded UK primary care consultations.

Tracing coco de mer's reproductive history: Pollen and nutrient limitations reduce fecundity.

Habitat degradation can reduce or even prevent the reproduction of previously abundant plant species. To develop appropriate management strategies, we need to understand the reasons for reduced recruitment in degraded ecosystems. The dioecious coco de mer palm () produces by far the largest seeds of any plant.

More for less: Analysis of the performance of avian acute oral guideline OECD 223 from empirical data.

Since the publication of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) avian acute oral guideline, OECD 223, empirical data have become available to compare the performance of OECD 223 with statistical simulations used to validate this guideline and with empirical data for US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (USEPA OCSPP) guideline OCSPP 850.2100. Empirical studies comprised 244 for Northern bobwhite, of which 73 were dose-response tests and 171 were limit tests.

The nutrient economy of Lodoicea maldivica, a monodominant palm producing the world's largest seed.

The iconic Lodoicea maldivica palm appears to invest heavily in reproduction, with females bearing the world's largest seeds and males producing copious pollen. We asked how these palms, which grow in extremely poor soils, obtain sufficient nutrients to support such high levels of reproductive function. Our study site was the Vallée de Mai UNESCO Site on Praslin, Seychelles.

Woody encroachment reduces nutrient limitation and promotes soil carbon sequestration.

During the past century, the biomass of woody species has increased in many grassland and savanna ecosystems. As many of these species fix nitrogen symbiotically, they may alter not only soil nitrogen (N) conditions but also those of phosphorus (P). We studied the N-fixing shrub Dichrostachys cinerea in a mesic savanna in Zambia, quantifying its effects upon pools of soil N, P, and carbon (C), and availabilities of N and P.

Influence of different plant species on methane emissions from soil in a restored Swiss wetland.

Plants are a major factor influencing methane emissions from wetlands, along with environmental parameters such as water table, temperature, pH, nutrients and soil carbon substrate. We conducted a field experiment to study how different plant species influence methane emissions from a wetland in Switzerland. The top 0.

Focal species of birds in European crops for higher tier pesticide risk assessment.

Focal species have been defined by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) as real species that represent others in a crop resulting from their potential higher level of exposure to pesticides. As such they are the most appropriate species for refining estimates of exposure further, through, for example, radio tracking and dietary studies. Plant protection product manufacturers collectively commissioned many studies in Europe, according to the EFSA guidelines, to identify focal species in different crops that may be used in risk assessments for spray applications of pesticides.

Methane transport and emissions from soil as affected by water table and vascular plants.

Background: The important greenhouse gas (GHG) methane is produced naturally in anaerobic wetland soils. By affecting the production, oxidation and transport of methane to the atmosphere, plants have a major influence upon the quantities emitted by wetlands. Different species and functional plant groups have been shown to affect these processes differently, but our knowledge about how these effects are influenced by abiotic factors such as water regime and temperature remains limited.